Materials Literature
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A study of the complex atomic susceptibility of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers operating near the 1.53- mu m transition (/sup 4/I/sub 13/2/-/sup 4/I/sub 15/2/) developed from a semiclassical theoretical description is presented. Expressions for the emission cross section sigma /sub e/( lambda ) and absorption cross sec…
Abstract This article discusses the history of shape memory alloys (SMAs) along with their properties, capabilities, and crystallography, including phase transformations that occur during thermal treatment. It describes the thermomechanical behaviors of SMAs and explains how to characterize them using differential sca…
Rotational power losses have been measured on nonoriented grain-oriented silicon steel sheets under different rotational flux conditions. Several methods have been proposed for this purpose. Among these, a method based on the measurement of the field quantities B/sub x/, B/sub y/, H/sub x/, and H/sub y/ seems to be th…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegime transitions in fractions of isotactic polypropyleneStephen Z. D. Cheng, James J. Janimak, Anqiu Zhang, and H. N. ChengCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 1, 298–303Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…
The surface properties of cobalt oxide after two different pretreatments have been investigated by means of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of adsorbed carbon monoxide, methanol and ammonia. The surface of evacuated Co3O4 exposes CO3+ cations that react rapidly with CO, producing Co2+ and probably CO+,…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilicon-29 and aluminum-27 NMR study of zeolite formation from alkali-leached kaolinites: influence of thermal preactivationA. Madani, A. Aznar, J. Sanz, and J. M. SerratosaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 2, 760–765Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1990Publication Hist…
Origins of composite materials, J.E.Bailey the potential of composite materials, D.P.Bashford types of materials, D.R.Lovell matrices for advanced structural composites, E.Green the fibre-matrix interface and composite, strength, G.Dorey micromechanics and properties of fibre composites, F.R.Jones a design philosophy…
Abstract All refractory metals, except osmium and iridium, have the highest melting temperatures and lowest vapor pressures of all metals. This article discusses the commercial applications, and production procedures of refractory metals and alloys. These procedures include fabrication, machining, forming, cleaning, j…
The three xylenes, 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-dimethyl benzene, provide a well-characterized family of isomeric molecules within which the melting points vary greatly while fluid-state properties such as boiling points and viscosities remain very similar. Because all pure isomers crystallize rapidly on cooling, their behavio…
Removal of single, binary and ternary divalent heavy metal ions, i.e., Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+, respectively, from their chloride or nitrate aqueous solutions was studied by the addition of hydroxyapatite in an agitated tank adsorber.The isotherms for each single component were of the rectangular type, i.e., the amounts r…
This review article on metal/ceramic joining is subdivided into the description of research activities in the fields of active metal brazing and diffusion bonding published in the last decade. Informations are given on active metal brazing of oxide, nitride, and carbide ceramics and on diffusion bonding of alumina, zi…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTX-ray absorption spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and analytical electron microscopy studies of cobalt catalysts. 2. Hydrogen reduction propertiesDavid G. Castner, Philip R. Watson, and Ignatius Y. ChanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 2, 819–828Publication…
A model of ferroelectric switching that describes crystals composed of a large number of relatively small grains is presented. It is shown that, if the grain boundaries stop or significantly affect domain-wall growth, then the observed switching current transients will deviate from those predicted by the infinite-grai…
The results of a study on silicone rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) polymers are presented. The study was done to understand the mechanisms involved in the loss and subsequent recovery of surface hydrophobicity due to dry-band arcing and to investigate various experimental techniques which could be u…
When deposited on a silicon substrate, symmetric polystyrene/polymethylmethacrylate P(S-b-MMA) diblock copolymers form, at equilibrium, a multilayer structure parallel to the substrate. If the top layer is incomplete, islands or holes are formed in this layer. The kinetics of formation and growth of islands or holes i…
The synthesis and characterization of free-standing flexible films and powder forms of pernigraniline base, the fully oxidized form of polyaniline, by the oxidation of emeraldine base with m-chloroperbenzoic acid is reported.
A model is presented for the elasticity of networks composed of rigid chains. The elastic modulus as a function of polymer volume fraction is determined for two cases : (a) the chains are rigidly crosslinked to each other i.e. the network may only deform by bending the chains (energetic network) and, (b) the chains ar…
The measurement of the transverse modulus of single fibres having a diameter of 5–15 μm has become possible by the development of a new instrument. An account is given in this paper of an investigation of some typical high-performance fibres for their transverse modulus and their fibre strength in transverse compressi…
New antibiotic pumilacidins A, B, C, D, E, F and G were isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Bacillus pumilus. They are cyclic acylheptapeptide composed of a beta-hydroxy fatty acid, two L-leucine, two D-leucine, L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid and L-isoleucine (or L-valine). Pumilacidin components were inh…
Natural systems provide time-controlled experiments on scales unreachable in the laboratory, and with complexities unapproachable by computer experiments. Since temperature (undercooling) cannot be directly scaled with time, in situ crystallization experiments provide information unavailable by other means. The kineti…