Materials Literature
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The most commonly proposed mechanisms for NIR-to-red upconversion in the well-studied material β-NaYF4:Er(3+),Yb(3+) are evaluated in order to resolve inconsistencies that persist in the literature. Each of four possible mechanisms is evaluated in terms of the direct analysis of spectroscopic data. It is shown that th…
Nanomaterials have drawn great interest in recent years due to their extraordinary properties that make them advantageous in food packaging applications. Specifically, nanoparticles can impart significant barrier properties, as well as mechanical, optical, catalytic, and antimicrobial properties into packaging. Silver…
The control of the optical activity and ellipticity of a medium has drawn considerable attention due to the recent developments in metamaterial design techniques and a deeper understanding of the light matter interaction in composite metallic structures. Indeed, recently proposed designs of metaatoms have enabled the…
We studied adult zebrafish to determine whether the size of 20 and 110 nm citrate-coated silver nanoparticles (AgC NPs) differentially impact the gills and intestines, known target organs for Ag toxicity in fish. Following exposure for 4 h, 4 days, or 4 days plus a 7 day depuration period, we obtained different toxico…
The biosynthesis method is thought to be clean, nontoxic and environmentally acceptable. Many microorganisms produce extracellular or intracellular metal nanoparticles with different efficiency, size and shape. The goal in this study is to control the size of silver nanoparticles . The preliminary screening of microor…
Abstract This present study provides an overview of the clay-mineral reactions involved in the chloritization process in a mixed-layer mineral series, and focuses on the properties of the resulting lowtemperature chlorites (formed at <220°C) in diagenetic and hydrothermal systems. According to the literature, most…
Spies and wizards, take note: The authors provide an overview of the recent efforts in metamaterial technology devoted to cloaking, as well as a perspective on the future of this rapidly changing field. The potential of passive cloaking techniques is outlined, as is the possibility of overcoming their limitations usin…
We propose a high-gain transmitting lens antenna by employing layered phase-gradient metasurface (MS). The MS is engineered to focus the propagating plane wave to a point with high efficiency. An X-band patch antenna is placed at the focal point of the MS as a feed source, and then the quasi-spherical wave emitted by…
Enzyme inhibitors are ubiquitous in all living systems, and their biological inhibitory activity is strongly dependent on their molecular shape. Here, we show that small zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs)-pyramids, plates, and spheres-possess the ability to inhibit activity of a typical enzyme β-galactosidase (GAL) in…
The average valence, ValO, of the oxygen anions in the perovskite oxide BaTiO3, was found using O1s photoelectron spectra to be −1.55. This experimental result is close to the theoretical value for BaTiO3 (−1.63) calculated by Cohen [Nature 358, 136 (1992)] using density functional theory. Using the same approach, we…
The development of efficient hydrogen storage materials is one of the biggest technical challenges for the coming “hydrogen economy”. The liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) with high hydrogen contents, reversibilities and moderate dehydrogenation kinetics have been considered as an alternative option supplementi…
For the first time, electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) 3D nanofibrous scaffold has been developed by an innovative and convenient approach (i.e., thermally induced nanofiber self-agglomeration followed by freeze drying), and the scaffold possesses interconnected and hierarchically structured pores including macropores…
BACKGROUND: Small caliber vascular prostheses are not clinically available because synthetic vascular prostheses lack endothelial cells which modulate platelet activation, leukocyte adhesion, thrombosis, and the regulation of vasomotor tone by the production of vasoactive substances. We developed a novel method to cre…
We derive expressions of interatomic force and heat current for many-body potentials such as the Tersoff, the Brenner, and the Stillinger-Weber potential used extensively in molecular dynamics simulations of covalently bonded materials. Although these potentials have a many-body nature, a pairwise force expression tha…
We analyze how to realize Rec. 2020 wide color gamut with quantum dots. For photoluminescence, our simulation indicates that we are able to achieve over 97% of the Rec. 2020 standard with quantum dots by optimizing the emission spectra and redesigning the color filters. For electroluminescence, by optimizing the emiss…
Tin selenide (SnSe) and tin sulfide (SnS) have recently attracted particular interest due to their great potential for large-scale thermoelectric applications. A complete prediction of the thermoelectric performance and the understanding of underlying heat and charge transport details are the key to further improvemen…
Sm-Mn mixed oxide catalysts prepared by the coprecipitation method were developed, and their catalytic activities were tested for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with ammonia at low temperature. The results showed that the amount of Sm markedly influenced the activity of the MnO x catalyst for SCR, that…
Austenitic stainless steel was investigated under cyclic loading in electrolytes with different chloride contents and pH and at different temperatures. The testing solutions were 13.2 % NaCl (80,000 ppm <TEX>$Cl^-$</TEX>) at <TEX>$80^{\circ}C$</TEX>and 43 % <TEX>$CaCl_2$</TEX> (275,000 ppm <TEX>$Cl^-$</TEX>) at <TEX>$…
Experiments using a small-scale apparatus with 30 ml of actual high-level liquid waste from the Tokai Reprocessing Plant were carried out to show that the hydrogen concentration in the gas phase reaches a steady-state value of much less than 4% (lower explosive limit) in the absence of sweeping air. The H2 concentrati…
The energy industry is one of the most discussed topics in modern days. Among the critical areas belongs the production and sale of energy, including fuel extraction, manufacturing, refining and distribution. As today's society consumes large amounts of fuel, the energy industry is affecting the infrastructure and mai…