Materials Literature
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The morphotropic phase boundary in the phase diagram of the technologically important Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (PZT) ceramics has been traditionally believed to separate ferroelectric tetragonal and rhombohedral phase regions. This old picture has come under close scrutiny during the last eight years following the discovery of…
Structural studies of materials with nano-sized spaces, called nano-structured materials, have been carried out by high-resolution powder diffraction. Our developed analytical method, which is the combination of the maximum-entropy method (MEM) and Rietveld refinement, the so-called MEM/Rietveld method, has been succe…
The stress created by the austenite transformation of mechanically constrained NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) significantly exceeds that required to deform (detwin) its low temperature martensitic phase. The one-way shape memory effect can therefore be used to create antagonistic, fully reversible flexural shape morp…
Protein assays are critical analytical tools performed in various biochemical laboratories to quantify the concentration of proteins. In this study, we report the optical responses of a thin layer of liquid crystals supported on glass slides decorated with proteins and the utility of this phenomenon as a new "all-or-n…
A fluidized bed direct carbon fuel cell was employed to achieve direct conversion of solid fuels into electricity.Power was generated from pulverized Lower Kittanning ͑bituminous͒ coal, synthetic carbon, and biomass in a single process step.Currentvoltage characteristics exhibited typical fuel cell behavior.Fluidizati…
The characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) produced by mixed cultures is fundamental for foreseeing the possible final applications of the polymer. In this study PHA produced under aerobic dynamic feeding (ADF) conditions are characterized. The PHA produced shows a stable average molecular weight ([symbol: se…
A system of generalized kinetic equations for the distribution functions of two-dimensional Dirac fermions scattered by impurities is derived in the Born approximation with respect to the short-range impurity potential. It is proven that the conductivity following from the classical Boltzmann equation picture, where e…
Tetrakis(permethyl-beta-cyclodextrin)-modified zinc(II) porphyrin (1) and tetra(beta-cyclodextrin)-modified zinc(II) porphyrin (2) were synthesized via "click chemistry". Intermolecular inclusion complexation of these structurally similar 1 and 2 with tetrasodium tetraphenylporphyrintetrasulfonate (3) led to formation…
Bipolar charge transport model with trapping and recombination: an analysis of the current versus applied electric field characteristic in steady state conditions, Baudoin, F, Le Roy, S, Teyssedre, G, Laurent, C
We study the catalytic capability of unsupported single-walled helical gold nanotubes Au(5,3) by using density functional theory. We use the CO oxidation as a benchmark probe to gain insights into high catalytic activity of the gold nanotubes. The CO oxidation, catalyzed by the Au(5,3) nanotube, proceeds via a two-ste…
It has been shown in our previous publication (Blawzdziewicz,Cristini,Loewenberg,2003) that high-viscosity drops in two dimensional linear creeping flows with a nonzero vorticity component may have two stable stationary states. One state corresponds to a nearly spherical, compact drop stabilized primarily by rotation,…
Recent advances in the application of semiconductor nanocrystals, or quantumdots, as biochemical sensors are reviewed. Quantum dots have unique optical properties thatmake them promising alternatives to traditional dyes in many luminescence basedbioanalytical techniques. An overview of the more relevant progresses in…
Abstract The electrochemical polymerization of aqueous solution of aniline and HCl was carried out in a single compartment electrochemical cell. After 2 h of the polymerization reaction, polarity of the electrodes was reversed and kept for 1 h. By this process the conductivity of the polyaniline (PAni) formed was foun…
The ferroelectricity of the spiral magnets LiCu2O2 and LiCuVO4 was examined by calculating the electric polarizations of their spin spiral states on the basis of density-functional theory with spin-orbit coupling. Our work unambiguously reveals that spin-orbit coupling is responsible for the ferroelectricity with the…
Ceramic anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were prepared by aqueous impregnation of nitrate salts to produce composites with (LSCM) in a 65% porous yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) scaffold. Scanning electron micrographs indicate that the LSCM coats the YSZ pores following calcination at . Composites produced i…
We propose a model of carrier-mediated ferromagnetism in semiconductors that accounts for the temperature dependence of the carriers. The model permits analysis of the thermodynamic stability of competing magnetic states, opening the door to the construction of magnetic phase diagrams. As an example, we analyze the st…
The purpose of this paper is to review some elasticity effects in epitaxial growth. We start by a description of the main ingredients needed to describe elasticity effects (elastic interactions, surface stress, bulk and surface elasticity, thermodynamics of stressed solids). Then we describe how bulk and surface elast…
Magnetoelectric (ME) coupling of a cylindrical trilayered composite was studied in this paper. A Ni–lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-Ni trilayered cylindrical composite was synthesized by electro-deposition. The maximum ME voltage coefficient of the cylindrical ME composite is 35 V cm −1 Oe −1 , about three times higher…
Using a combined ultra-small-angle and small-angle scattering (CSAS) method of neutrons and X-rays, we investigated hierarchical structures of carbon black (CB) highly loaded in polyisoprene (PI) and poly(styrene- random -butadiene) copolymer (SBR) under mechanical field (defined respectively as CB/PI and CB/SBR) as w…
Time-correlated single photon counting methods are used with confocal microscopy and maximum likelihood estimation analysis to obtain fluorescence lifetime trajectories for single quantum dots with KHz update rates. This technique reveals that control of the solution environment can influence both radiative (k(rad)) a…