Materials Literature
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Electron and spin Green functions of a Hubbard ferromagnet are calculated, both starting from the Stoner ground state and for a ferromagnet with Hubbard subbands. The temperature dependences of the spin-wave stiffness and damping, the magnetisation, the local moment on a site and the thermodynamic properties are inves…
The X-band optically detected magnetic resonance of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and poly(3-dodecylthiophene) films and solutions are described and discussed. The photoluminescence-enhancing features include (i) a strong, \ensuremath{\sim}15-G-wide, asymmetric peak at g\ensuremath{\simeq}2.003; (ii) a weak peak at g\ensurem…
Using a Ginzburg-Landau free energy, we show that the failure of an oil/water interface to be wetted by a microemulsion is directly related to its structure. At the disorder line where the fluid loses this structure, an unusual wetting transition can occur. We calculate the elastic constant of mean curvature for both…
Two scaling regimes, D\ensuremath{\sim}${\mathit{N}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ with \ensuremath{\delta}=0.49\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 and 0.80\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04, have been identified in a model set of nearly symmetric diblock copolymer melts, where D and N are the system peridocity and degre…
We have measured the dielectric susceptibility of several glass-forming liquids over 13 decades of frequency. The primary relaxation for all the liquids, over the entire frequency and temperature range studied, can be collapsed onto a single scaling curve with only two parameters, peak position and width. This curve i…
Calibration curves of the Raman spectrum of nanophase TiO2 to the material’s oxygen stoichiometry are presented. The thermogravimetric analysis studies used to determine the oxygen-titanium ratio are also discussed.
Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) are electrooptic materials that modulate light through electrical control of the refractive index similar to other liquid devices. Like dynamic scattering and smectic displays, PDLCs switch between scattering and clear states. PDLC-type devices consist of droplets of low-molec…
This chapter provides an overview of current researches on liquid crystalline polymers (LCP's). Topics include syntheses of main-chain and side-chain LCP's, structured characterization of LCP's and LCP networks and rheology and processing. Applications of LCP/polymer blends as self-reinforced polymers and electro-opti…
The protein Felix was designed de novo to fold into an antiparallel four-helix bundle of specific topology. Its sequence of 79 amino acid residues is not homologous to any known protein sequence, but is "native-like" in that it is nonrepetitive and contains 19 of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. Felix has been…
A quantum Ising spin chain with nearest-neighbour couplings arranged in a quasiperiodic sequence is considered. The Cantor set structure of the energy spectrum is analysed in terms of the thermodynamic description of multifractals. Evidence is given that the spectrum of scales develops a singular behaviour: this is as…
The authors propose to use multifractal analysis in reciprocal space as a tool to characterise, in a statistical and global sense, the nature of the Fourier transform of geometrical models for atomic structures. This approach is especially adequate for shedding some new light on a class of structures introduced recent…
It is argued that the threshold transition that occurs in the phase-deformation model of charge-density-wave systems in an applied electric field is destroyed in all dimensions by phase slips (amplitude fluctuations). The one-dimensional case is demonstrated using an exactly soluble model.
The structure of succinonitrile in its orientationally disordered phase was reexamined through extended X-ray diffraction measurements. It was solved by using both the analytic procedures of symmetry-adapted functions and a Frenkel model assuming discrete orientations. A possible translation-rotation coupling was incl…
Inelastic neutron scattering was used to investigate liquidlike motions and the nature of a dynamic transition in myoglobin, a small globular protein. The signature of the transition is a strong enhancement of low-frequency density fluctuations and a corresponding decrease in elastic scattering above 180 K. It is show…
The distribution functions and RMS value of the Barkhausen noise are studied in samples of (110)[001] Fe-Si3% as function of the magnetization and applied field for several angles between the applied field and the [001] crystallographic axis. The results obtained are explained in terms of C domain nucleation, growth,…
The anelastic relaxations observed between 100 and 600 K for a very high purity magnesium are presented. The performed experiences show an internal friction peak P1 placed around 410 K whose activation parameters are determined (v = 1000b3, HP1 = 1 eV). The P1 behaviour is similar to that of the P1 peak observed in 99…
The crystal structure of the natural thromsonite, Na 1•00 Ca 1•88 Sr 0•12 Al 5 Si 5 O 20 •6H 2 O, at 13 K has been refined from neutron diffraction data. The structure is generally very close to the room-temperature structure and shows no sign of cation ordering. Among the significant differences are decreased T-O-T a…
Young's modulus was measured as a function of electrical bias on o-${\mathrm{TaS}}_{3}$ between 60 K and the Peierls transition temperature, ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$=220 K. ${\mathit{Y}}_{\mathrm{CDW}}$, the modulus difference between stationary and rapidly sliding charge-density-wave states, increases as the squar…
The validity of Rayleigh's hypothesis with permeable media is investigated. For the two-dimensional transmission problem, the extinction theorem and boundary integral equations are obtained within a common framework, for the surface with periodic corrugations. The surface field functions are found from the integral eq…
X-ray diffraction and magnetization have been measured for Fe 1- x Al x alloys produced by facing target type DC sputtering. The bcc phase is obtained for x =0-0.65, the amorphous phase for x =0.7-0.9 and the fcc phase for x =0.9-1.0 on water-cooled (WC) substrates, while the bcc phase is obtained for x =0-0.55, the a…