Materials Literature
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A practical review of the use of laser ablation for the deposition of thin films of oxide superconductors and metals is presented. Details of the design and operation of a laser ablation deposition system are discussed, together with the influence of operating parameters such as laser wavelength and power density on t…
In this paper we present results on the dependence of the longitudinal sound velocity of amorphous magnetostrictive ribbons and wires, tested either in the as-cast stage or after stress relief on the magnetic field along the anisotropy axis. Results show a variation of the sound velocity that is in good agreement with…
The effects of ultraviolet light on alpha -Al 2 O 3 :C crystals were studied. Thermoluminescence, X-ray-induced luminescence and photostimulated thermoluminescence were investigated. Emission as well as stimulation spectra were measured. The main thermoluminescence and photostimulated thermoluminescence peaks appeared…
A model for the heat transfer between a heating element and a thermoluminescent sample in the case of contact heating is used to estimate the temperature lag of the sample with respect to the heating element during linear heating. According to the model the temperature lag is linearly dependent on the heating rate bet…
The microphase separation in a symmetric diblock copolymer consisting of polystyrene and polyparamethylstyrene has been studied by small-angle neutron scattering. The observed peak changes with temperature in intensity, shape and position. The peak position shifts at the microphase separation transition temperature T…
An investigation on the local structure of liquid and supercooled pure gallium at several temperatures is presented. Accurate EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) spectra have been analysed by means of ab initio calculations of the multiple-scattering signals associated with two-atom and three-atom configu…
We have designed and built a new apparatus for measuring the thermal conductivity of molten silicates, an adaptation of the transient hot‐wire technique to high temperature. The method is the most suitable for high temperatures, as it suppresses convection and minimizes radiative heat transfer. Because of the simple g…
The long-time self-diffusivity in concentrated colloidal dispersions is determined from a consideration of the temporal decay of density fluctuations. For hydrodynamically interacting Brownian particles the long-time self-diffusivity, D s ∞, is shown to be expressible as the product of the hydrodynamically determined…
The effects of plates and slabs on phase change dynamics have been investigated with convection models. Two complementary methods to simulate plates are used: material property and imposed surface velocity methods with temperature‐dependent viscosity. For a wide range of model parameters, plates and slabs exert a sign…
The method of X-ray crystallographic cryoenzymology has been used to determine the crystal structure of a kinetically significant species on the reaction pathway of a crystalline enzyme. The structure of a specific acyl-enzyme intermediate in the elastase-catalyzed hydrolysis of the N-carbobenzoxy-L-alanine p-nitrophe…
Abstract New polythioesters were obtained by interfacial polycondensation of bis(4‐mercaptomethylphenyl) sulfide with some aliphatic and isomeric phthaloyl dichlorides. To determine optimal conditions for polycondensation, the polythioester from bis(4‐mercaptomethylphenyl) sulfide and sebacoyl dichloride was chosen as…
The Raman spectra in the nanocrystalline Pb 1-x Sr x TiO 3 system show that the morphotropic phase transition from the tetragonal phase to the cubic structure occurs at x c =0.57 and it can be associated with 'softening' of the lowest-frequency E(TO) phonon mode. The phase transition temperature in Pb 0.8 Sr 0.2 TiO 3…
The growth morphologies of vicinal hillocks on K${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$P${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ {101} surfaces have been investigated using atomic force microscopy. Growth occurs on monomolecular steps both by step-flow and through layer-by-layer growth on both dislocation induced steps and 2D nuclei. Dislocation induced hilloc…
Band structure results for metallic corundum-phase V 2 O 3 feature narrow ( approximately 2.7 eV) t 2g conduction bands and a density-of-states peak at E F such that the heat capacity to band ratio is approximately 4.4. The predominant V(3d) character of conduction electrons suggests that transport properties will be…
Diamond has been found to grow from copper, zinc, and germanium when temperatures and pressures in excess of those usually used for growth via conventional catalysts are used. Around their melting temperatures these metals are inert with respect to graphite. However, under the conditions used in this study, namely tem…
We report the growth of thin carbon nitride films on Si(100) substrates at temperatures in the range of 100–700 °C using electron-beam evaporation of graphite assisted with electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma generated nitrogen species. The effect of the substrate temperature, and the nitrogen flow on the compos…
Abstract The theory of the chemical bond has been much influenced by the structures that have been determined of certain key molecules. Single crystal X-ray diffraction is the most powerful and most widespread tool for determination of molecular structures, but it has a major disadvantage: the requirement of single cr…
Kinetic stability in water, good protection of the metal center, and strong luminescence of the metal ion make lanthanide complexes of the ligand 1 ([M⊂1]3+, M = Eu, Tb) promising as luminescent labels in fluoroimmuno-assays.
Cellulose microfibrils with an electron diffraction pattern characteristic of crystalline native cellulose I have been assembled abiotically by means of a cellulase-catalyzed polymerization of beta-cellobiosyl fluoride substrate monomer in acetonitrile/acetate buffer. Substantial purification of the Trichoderma viride…
Special types of concrete radiation shields that depend on locally available materials and have improved properties for both neutron and gamma-ray attenuation were developed by using plastic materials and heavy ores. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is implemented to evaluate these types for selecting the best bio…