Materials Literature
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Ab-initio density functional calculations were performed on the geometric and the electronic structures of coherent cube-on-cube interfaces between spinel (MgAl2O4) and the two metals Al and Ag. The calculations were carried out in the local density approximation (LDA) employing norm-conserving pseudopotentials and a…
The NMR properties of the solid lead (II) halides and the lead (II) hydroxyhalides are reported. The analysis shows extremely wide powder patterns in all cases except the lead (II) iodide. The results indicate that one should be able to distinguish the lead (II) halide from the corresponding lead (II) hydroxyhalide in…
Abstract The focus of this study is to investigate the sintering mechanism of polyethylene. Experiments were conducted to observe the high temperature sintering behaviors of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). It was found that the sintering of polyethylene follows Frenke's mod…
We have made the first calculations of i) the effect of an electric field on the structures corresponding to different phases exhibited by antiferroelectric liquid crystals (using a model proposed by us earlier), ii) the apparent tilt angle corresponding to these field distorted structures and iii) the conoscopic figu…
Additive nanolithography with electron-beam induced deposition is applied to generate a nanostructured integrated field emission electron source. The source is built into a lithographically fabricated pattern of connecting lines on a chip. Current stabilizing resistors are integrated in to the connecting lines with th…
BaTiO3 ceramic sintered in a reducing atmosphere in the presence of a TiO2-rich eutectic exhibits exaggerated anisotropic grain growth. The growth mechanism principally involves the dissolution of cubic matrix grains, a mass transport through the liquid phase and precipitation of a hexagonal polymorph. Under these con…
A number of alkylsilanes and alkylcarbosilanes of widely different molecular structure are characterized in terms of their ability to the formation of amorphous hydrogenated silicon‐carbon (a‐Si:C:H) film in atomic hydrogen‐induced chemical vapor deposition. The compounds containing only the Si‒C bonds or four‐membere…
To further investigate favorable effects of divalent cations on the formation of protein crystals, three complexes of Salmonella typhimurium histidine-binding protein were crystallized with varying concentrations of cadmium salts. For each of the three histidine-binding protein complexes, cadmium cations were found to…
Violation of Friedel's law in the non-systematic many-beam case has been used to determine the absolute orientation of crystals without center of symmetry in the transmission electron microscope. Microdiffraction patterns of thin (thickness < extinction distance) crystals with practically homogeneous thickness have be…
Zinc oxide films were deposited by CVD in air and nitrogen under atmospheric conditions using zinc acetate and zinc oxyacetate as the precursors. Factors for obtaining reproducible depositions were identified. The activation energies using zinc acetate as the precursor were ∼ 45 kJ mol–1 (±20%) both in air and in nitr…
Composites are an important class of optical materials for use in nonlinear optics. Among them, layered materials are very interesting. In the present paper we describe optical linear and nonlinear properties of layered materials which follow a suitable process to realize a self-similar or fractal structure.
The tensile strength of α‐Si 3 N 4 whiskers synthesized by reacting amorphous Si 3 N 4 and TiO 2 at 1490°C under a N 2 pressure of 700 torr was measured using a microbalance, and the diameter dependence of the strength was investigated. The Si 3 N 4 whiskers had diameters of 0.04 and 0.8 μm and dominant [1011] and [10…
Birefringence (B(f)), refractive indices, and their temperature derivatives (dB(f)/dT) determine the temperature characteristics of nonlinear-optical laser devices. The birefringences at different temperatures are analyzed critically by use of a new physically meaningful Sellmeier equation for what is to the author's…
Copper bicrystals with isoaxial [1̄49] twist boundaries and a (1̄49)/(001) “random” boundary were notched at the interface, left or right regarding the slip geometry, and intergranular cracks were propagated under strain control, to study how dislocation structure, crystallography and strain localization affect crack…
The porosity-modulation technique has been applied to improve the emission properties of the previously reported surface-emitting cold cathodes based on electroluminescent porous silicon (PS) diodes. It is demonstrated here that by introducing a modified structure into the PS layer, the emission efficiency is signific…
The tensile mechanical behavior of an epoxy/amine system, with varying amounts of hardener, was evaluated. The results showed that a brittle to ductile transition occurs as the amount of hardener is increased. This behavior was associated with the change in the number of molecular segments that present mobility in the…
Abstract Main structural subdivisions of sulphate minerals and synthetic compounds were considered in the frame of a new structural classification of minerals, based on the strength distribution and directional character of the bonds. The specific features of their crystal chemistry were expressed by the corresponding…
A phase diagram based on dielectric‐permittivity‐versus‐temperature measurements and high‐temperature X‐ray diffractometry was proposed for 0.4Pb(Ni 1/3 ,Nb 1/3 )O 3 ‐ x PbZrO 3 ‐(0.6‐ x )PbTiO 3 (0.2 lessthan equal to x lessthan equal to 0.32) relaxor‐ferroelectric solid solution, and a morphotropic phase boundary th…
The phase behavior of pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB) and octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB) liquid crystals confined to controlled porous glass of different characteristic void sizes $R$ is studied using deuteron NMR. In samples with the 5CB liquid crystal the discontinuous isotropic-nematic $(I\ensuremath{-}N)$ transition becomes g…
In situ Raman spectra of were recorded using a specially constructed spectroelectrochemical cell. A 1 M solution of in propylene carbonate‐dimethyl carbonate was used as the electrolyte and lithium foil as the anode. Three phases, γ', γ, and , are observed with increasing lithium content. The evolution of the Raman sp…