Materials Literature
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The tetragonal \ensuremath{\sigma} phase and the hexagonal (hex) phase in the Mn-Si-V(Cr) transition-metal-alloy systems are stable approximant phases of a dodecagonal (12-fold) quasicrystal that can be prepared in bulk quantities. We have synthesized samples of the \ensuremath{\sigma} and hex phases of composition Mn…
When a binary fluid demixes under a slow temperature ramp, nucleation, coarsening and sedimentation of droplets lead to an oscillatory evolution of the phase-separating system. The advection of the sedimenting droplets is found to be chaotic. The flow is driven by density differences between two phases. Here, we show…
A century ago, on the evening of 4 May 1912, three men dropped an envelope into the letterbox of the building of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften in Munich. They knew that the gentle thud was to be followed by a larger reverberation. They had hit two scientific jackpots. The envelope contained a preliminary…
We study the galvanomagnetic properties in weak magnetic fields (4.2 ≤ T ≤ 300 K, B ≤ 0.07 T) and the Shubnikov-de Haas effect ( T = 4.2 K, B ≤ 7 T) in single crystal Pb 1− x − y Sn x V y Te alloys under variation of alloy composition ( x = 0.05–0.20, y ≤ 0.01) and hydrostatic compression up to 15 kbar. The increase o…
Optical characteristics of manganites with nanoscale electronic phase separation are simulated using an exact renormalization group transformation in Kirchhoff's equations. The local electric field is found to be highly inhomogeneous, exceeding the incident-wave field by orders of magnitude when the permittivities of…
We report new closed-form expressions for Maker fringes of anisotropic and absorbing poled polymer thin films in multilayer structures that include back reflections of both fundamental and second-harmonic waves. The expressions, based on boundary conditions at each interface, can be applied to multilayer structures co…
We present a systematic investigation of the effect of spin-orbit interaction on optical conductivity in monolayer graphene. Our key findings are: (i) level splitting at various crystal symmetry points caused by true spin as well as pseudospin of the electrons gives rise to a resonant current response; (ii) under heav…
Angular dependent magnetoresistance (AMR) phenomena in Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 film have been investigated. A transition between cos2θ dependent AMR in an insulating state at low fields and sin2θ dependent AMR in a metal state at high fields is observed at intermediate fields, depending on the temperature and/or strength of an…
A simple approach is demonstrated to synthesize cubic boron nitride (c-BN) films at significantly low substrate temperature (450 °C) using ferrous oxide nanoparticles as catalyst. The catalyst helped to create reactive species of BN and transform the initially grown hexagonal boron nitride base layer into c-BN film. T…
Unusual magnetic anisotropy of the ferromagnetic shape-memory alloy Ni50Fe23Ga27 has been observed. The anisotropy of the austenite becomes very large, even larger than that of the martensite in ribbon samples. Lowering the temperature from 300 K to 80 K, the saturation field of the austenite is dramatically increased…
We report on the effect of oxygen vacancies on the defect-related emission and the electronic properties of In 2 O 3 nanowires. The nanowires were synthesized by vapor phase transport and had diameters ranging from 80–100 nm and lengths over 10–20 μm, with a growth direction of [0 0 1]. The as-grown nanowires connecte…
A theoretical study of the core structure and composition of a hedgehog defect in a mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a second non-nematogenic component is presented. Fractionation of the components between the bulk and the defect core is rigorously considered by using solution thermodynamics. Two complementary…
Time–temperature rheological equivalence is one of the most important and broadly used concepts developed with regard to the viscoelastic behavior of polymers. In this study, we explore the generality of an analogous relationship, time–composition equivalence, in several series of ternary block copolymer/cosolvent sys…
As invisibility cloaking has recently become experimental reality, it is interesting to explore ways to reveal remaining imperfections. In essence, the idea of most invisibility cloaks is to recover the optical path lengths without an object (to be made invisible) by a suitable arrangement around that object. Optical…
Based on the coupled method of cellular automaton (CA) and finite element (FE), the solidification structure of 160×160 mm cast billet of high carbon SWRH77B steel was simulated. The nucleation density, kinetics of the dendrite tip growth, crystallographic orientation and coupling of CA and FE methods are discussed. I…
A combined differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and laser-interferometric creep rate spectroscopy (CRS) approach has been utilised to study the dynamics, thermal behaviour and elastic properties of thin films (0.05–0.10 mm) with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) based nanocomposites at t…
Abstract Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) investigations of isotactic polypropylene (iPP)–vapor‐grown carbon nanofiber (VGCNF) composites containing various amounts of VGCNFs ranging between 0 and 20 wt %. are reported. The FTIR investigations were focused on the re…
An elastic protein with a secondary structure distinct from all well-known load-bearing proteins is found in the byssus of the giant clam, Tridacna maxima . The byssus consists of a bundle of hundreds of individual threads, each measuring about about 100 μm in diameter, which exhibit a tendon-like mechanical response.…
Abstract Aminosilane, melamine and acetic anhydride treated wood flour were added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in order to process improved PVC/wood flour composites. The influence of wood treatment on water absorption and mechanical properties were evaluated. Treatments with amino‐alkyl functional oligomeric siloxane…
Monodisperse single-crystalline α-cristobalite nanospheres have been synthesized by hydrocarbon-pyrolysis-induced carbon deposition on amorphous silica aerosol nanoparticles, devitrification of the coated silica at high temperature, and subsequent carbon removal by oxidation. The nanosphere size can be well controlled…