Materials Literature
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Surface band bending and surface defects on the UV-transparent conducting oxide β-Ga2O3 (100) are studied with hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy. Highly doped β-Ga2O3 shows flat bands near the surface, while the bands on nominally undoped (but still n-type), air-cleaved β-Ga2O3 ar…
Today, 1 in 2 males and 1 in 3 females in the United States will develop cancer at some point during their lifetimes, and 1 in 4 males and 1 in 5 females in the United States will die from the disease. New methods for detection and treatment have dramatically improved cancer care in the United States. However, as impr…
Theoretical studies of thermoelectric properties using ab initio electronic structure calculations help not only to understand existing experimental data but also to predict new materials which can be potentially good thermoelectrics. However, in these studies it is inevitable to employ some approximations. It is ther…
Weyl fermions are two-component chiral fermions in (3+1)-dimensions. When coupled to a gauge field, the Weyl fermion is known to have an axial anomaly, which means the current conservation of the left-handed and right-handed Weyl fermions cannot be preserved separately. Recently, Weyl fermions have been proposed in co…
The phase diagram of Sr${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$Eu${}_{x}$TiO${}_{3}$ is determined experimentally by electron paramagnetic resonance and resistivity measurements and analyzed theoretically within the self-consistent phonon approximation as a function of $x$ (0.03 \ensuremath{\leqslant} $x$ \ensuremath{\leqslant} 1.0).…
The first-principles periodic linear combination of atomic orbitals method within the framework of density functional theory implemented in the CRYSTAL06 code has been applied to explore effect of pressure on the Compton profiles and autocorrelation functions of MgO. Calculations are performed for the B1, B2, B3, B4,…
We have experimentally studied the nonlinear nature of electrical conduction in monolayer graphene devices on silica substrates. This nonlinearity manifests itself as a nonmonotonic dependence of the differential resistance on applied dc voltage bias across the sample. At temperatures below $\ensuremath{\sim}$70 K, th…
We formally derive an effective catalyst layer model comprising the reduction of oxygen for periodically distributed pore geometries. By assumption, the pores are completely filled with water and the surrounding walls consist of catalyst particles which are attached to an electron conducting microstructure. The macros…
Graphene can collect energy from the ambient heat and convert it to electricity, which makes it an ideal candidate for the fabrication of self-powered devices. However, this technology is suffering the high cost, which limits the practical use of it. In this work, we demonstrated that the cost can be reduced by using…
Carrier dynamics in single-layer graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is studied using spatially and temporally resolved pump-probe spectroscopy by measuring both differential transmission and differential reflection. By studying the expansion of a Gaussian spatial profile of carriers excited by a 1500-nm…
By means of ab-initio calculations, we investigate the optical properties of pure a-SiNx samples, with x∈[0.4,1.8], and samples embedding silicon nanoclusters (NCs) of diameter 0.5≤d≤1.0 nm. In the pure samples, the optical absorption gap and the radiative recombination rate vary according to the concentration of Si-N…
Thermionic emission from monolayer graphene grown on representative transition metals, Ir and Ru, is characterized by low-energy electron microscopy. Work functions were determined from the temperature dependence of the emission current and from the electron energy spectrum of emitted electrons. The high-temperature w…
Reversible electro-optical switching is achieved in a facile manner by dispersing a small amount of ZnS nanoparticles into blue phase I (BPI). The hysteresis is so small that it can be considered as hysteresis-free at a 0.5–0.7 wt% doping level, and the on-state voltage is much lower than that of polymer-stabilized BP…
BACKGROUND: Gold nanoparticles have recently been investigated with respect to biocompatibility according to their interactions with cells. The purpose of this study was to examine cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction by well-characterized gold nanoparticles in human breast epithelial MCF-7 cells. METHODS: Apoptosis w…
Gold-coated horizontally aligned carbon nanotube (Au-HA-CNT) substrates were fabricated for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The Au-HA-CNT substrates, which are granular in nature, are easy-to-prepare with large SERS-active area. Enhancement factors (EFs) of ∼10(7) were achieved using the Au-HA-CNTs as subs…
Nanoengineered particles that can facilitate drug formulation and passively target tumors have reached the clinic in recent years. These early successes have driven a new wave of significant innovation in the generation of advanced particles. Recent developments in enabling technologies and chemistries have led to con…
Applications for silver nanomaterials in consumer products are rapidly expanding, creating an urgent need for toxicological examination of the exposure potential and ecological effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The integration of genomic techniques into environmental toxicology has presented new avenues to deve…
Abstract A facile strategy is developed to synthesize dual‐modal fluorescent‐magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) with surface folic acid by co‐encapsulation of a far‐red/near‐infrared (FR/NIR)‐emissive conjugated polymer (PFVBT) and lipid‐coated iron oxides (IOs) into a mixture of poly(lactic‐ co ‐glycolic‐acid)‐poly(ethylen…
Bulk mixed oxide catalysts are widely used for various applications (selective oxidation catalysts, electrocatalysts for solid oxide fuel cells, and solid oxide electrolyzers for the production of hydrogen), but fundamental understanding of their structure–performance relationships have lagged in the literature. The a…
Tailoring the morphology of materials in the nanometer regime is vital to realizing enhanced device performance. Here, we demonstrate flexible nerve agent sensors, based on hydroxylated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanotubes (HPNTs) with surface substructures such as nanonodules (NNs) and nanorods (NRs). T…