Materials Literature
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Five prototypic SP-100 thermoelectric cells were put on test in vacuum at prototypic temperatures. Their thermal and electrical performances were characterized with 200, 300, 400, and 500°C temperature gradients across the cell. The latter was representative of prototypic operating conditions with a 1050°C hot-side te…
Sintering behaviors of (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti)O 3 (PLZT 8/65/35) ceramics in ozone atmosphere and their ferroelectric properties were investigated. In the early stage of sintering, the presence of ozone prompted the growth of crystallites and grains, and promoted densification. Ozone content dependence of these structural fa…
An investigation of the approach to the melting point in CsPbCl3 by 133Cs NMR and Gd3+ EPR measurements is reported. A pretransitional phenomenon is observed with the two techniques. The evolution with temperature of the NMR and EPR linewidths gives some information on the dynamics around the solid-liquid transition.
In this work we shown that in uniformly illuminated samples a nonlinear dependence of the pyroelectric current on the radiation intensity is observed when the heat flux density reaches a critical value. It is found that the observed frequency variations and the pyrocurrent relaxation behaviour are different when diffe…
Two new polyphosphazenes, poly(4-maleimidophenoxy/phenoxy)phosphazene and poly(4-phthalimidophenoxy/phenoxy)phosphazene, were prepared and used to toughen a PMR polyimide designated LaRC TM RP46. These toughened polyimides were evaluated as thin films with a 0–40 wt% range of polyphosphazene to polyimide. The structur…
Abstract Many sugars occur in several crystalline and in an amorphous form. The glass transition temperatures of isomalt and its components and the enthalpies of fusion are reported. Amorphous sugars are extremely hygroscopic and sorb large amounts of water. This gives rise to supersaturated sugar solution, from which…
A high-resolution optical imaging system and custom-designed image analysis software are used to make surface roughness measurements for deuterium-tritium (D-T) solid layers, equilibrated inside a 2-mm-inside-diameter re-entrant copper cylinder. Several experiments are performed that yield D-T layer thicknesses of bet…
The general compositions Nam−1.5Bi2.5NbmO3m+3 (2<mm<m5), which can be viewed as a solid solution between a bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric (BLSF), Na0.5Bi2.5Nb2O9 [NBN], and a perovskite compound, NaNbO3, as studied. They form layer-structured ferroelectrics for layer-numbers m=2, 3, 4 and 5 and are new BLSF. T…
On the basis of a conventional Cockcroft–Walton (C–W) cascade rectifying circuit, an expression is derived for the fundamental harmonic of ripples due to asymmetry of driving voltage in a symmetrical C–W circuit. The expression is validated from good agreement with experimental results of both a low-voltage model circ…
New data suggest that deviations from Vegard's law exist in certain dilute solid solutions, and that the plateau effect may be revealed by constant-temperature measurements of an order parameter far below Tc across a solid solution. As an example, the saturation of the order parameter revealed by the spontaneous strai…
The imaging performance of off-axis planar diffractive lenses is described. In particular, the second-order monochromatic aberration terms are derived for object and image planes normal to the respective object-space and image-space base rays for arbitrary orientation of those base rays. It is shown that in general, i…
Abstract A rate equation is developed by which the dissolution rates of multicomponent silicate glasses in diluted aqueous solutions can be calculated as a function of pH, CO 2 partial pressure, and salinity. Gibbs free energies of hydration are derived by treating the aqueous solution as a diluted system of aqueous s…
Abstract Extrusion experiments of a glass melt, based on lithiumdisilicate, show a different crystallization behaviour in comparison with experiments, where the same glass is heat treated identically, but without the pressure and the shear flow. Therefore, the effect of pressure and shear flow on the nucleation and cr…
Abstract A relationship between the generalized Miller δ 1111 (ω; ω, ω, ω) coefficient and the Phillips‐van Vechten ionicity in alkali halides is presented. The correlation is employed to estimate the nonlinear refractive index of these crystals.
The classical condition for the contact angle of a phase interface at a container wall is generalized to include both anisotropy and kinetics. The derivation, which does not involve an assumption of local equilibrium, is based on a capillary force balance, a dissipation inequality representing the second law, and suit…
Normal corn starch (25% amylose content) was mixed with 10% of either polystyrene or poly(methyl methacrylate) and irradiated at 0, 5, 10, 20, or 30 kGy. The irradiated samples were extruded using a C. W. Brabender twin-screw laboratory extruder at 120°C barrel temperature, 60 rpm screw speed, and 18% (db) moisture co…
A synchrotron-radiation dynamic small-angle X-ray scattering (Synchrotron Radiation-DSAXS) system using an imaging plate has been developed at the Photon Factory, National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Japan, in collaboration with the Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Japan, for studying the dyn…
The creep and damage behavior of GRP filament wound pipes are investigated as a function of the resin ductility. To predict the life time of pipes under low pressure levels and hygrothermal conditions, different methods based on the experimental data and approximations have been used. All these methods involve assumpt…
The correct space group of MgAl 2 Se 4 and MgIn 2 Se 4 is most probably R3̄m and not R3̄m as previously reported.
Reactive ion beam machining of diamond chips with oxygen ions using a Kaufman-type apparatus has been investigated. This paper reports machining characteristics of single crystal diamond chips processed with an oxygen ion beam using an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR)-type apparatus. The specific machining rate incr…