Materials Literature
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The temperature dependence of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of PtCo and its atomic origin are investigated by first-principle and model calculations. The Pt spin moment necessary to realize the leading 5d anisotropy contribution is due to neighboring Co atoms. At finite temperatures, Co spin disorder strongly redu…
The maximum energy product of bonded magnets is advancing every year. The highest maximum energy product of any bonded magnet achieved is 25 MGOe (200 kJ/m/sup 3/) in the Nd-Fe-B system by d-HDDR treatment. There is a great demand for even higher energy bonded magnets with the desire for smaller, more efficient electr…
Abstract A modified sodium tetraphenyl‐boron method (Na‐TPB), which uses an incubation period and boiling with a copper solution to destroy the tetraphenyl‐boron‐K precipitate (TBK) instead of shaking and resolubilisation with acetone, is proposed as a replacement for Jackson's TBK method. The method as recommended is…
Abstract Multifunctional carboxylic acids, such as 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), have been used as crosslinking agents for cotton cellulose to produce wrinkle‐resistant cotton fabrics and garments. Polycarboxylic acids were used to bond hydroxy‐functional organophosphorus oligomer to cotton, thus impartin…
Phase equilibria in the CeO 2 −CoO system at temperatures above 1500°C were investigated. The microstructures and the phase compositions of the DTA (differential thermal analysis) samples and the quenched solid pellets were analyzed using SEM (scanning electron microscope), EDX (energy dispersive X‐ray), and WDX (wave…
NADP+-dependent monomeric isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) from the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii (AvIDH) is one of members of the beta-decarboxylating dehydrogenase family and catalyzes the dehydration and decarboxylation of isocitrate to yield 2-oxoglutrate and CO2 in the Krebs cycle. We solved the…
The interest in dynamic plasticity has greatly increased in recent years driven by advances in computational power and by industrial needs. The knowledge of material properties is required as well as adequate constitutive equations capable of describing material behaviour. Results are presented in this study for the t…
Abstract A new devulcanization process that utilizes supercritical CO 2 (scCO 2 ) along with devulcanizing reagents was studied. Unfilled polyisoprene rubber samples (vulcanizates) with different crosslink distributions were prepared by controlling the cure time and the curatives. Each of the vulcanizates was subjecte…
Microstructural changes after several cycles of the thermomechanical treatment consisting of a small deformation by stress-induced martensitic transformation (fcc to hcp) and subsequent reversion to austenite by heating (referred to as 'training') have been studied by atomic force microscopy in Fe-Mn-Si based shape me…
Pd (II), Co (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) phthalocyanines with a tricarbethoxyethyl substituent on each benzo group were prepared from 4-(1,1,2-tricarbethoxyethyl)-phthalonitrile and the corresponding divalent metal salt at 170°C. Transesterification occurred when the reaction was carried out in pentanol. Treatment of the…
It is shown that the elastic field due to nonuniform temperature or a coherently misfitting inclusion in a semi-infinite region can be derived simply from the corresponding field in an infinite region. This follows from the work of Mindlin and Cheng [J. Appl. Phys. 21, 931 (1950)] but it is not necessary to calculate…
In a magnetic material, even under an alternating or a two-dimensional rotating magnetic excitation, the magnetic flux is three dimensional (3-D) due to the rotation of magnetic domains. For measurement of 3-D magnetic properties of materials, a novel tester has been developed. The test principle, construction, and ca…
Abstract The design of artificial models of “biomineralization” processes that utilize sol‐gel polymerization has led to a merging of inorganic materials research and supramolecular organic chemistry. This article introduces self‐assembled superstructures of sugar‐integrated and crown‐appended cholesterol gelators, wh…
The original crystalline structure of clay minerals can be altered in a controlled way, through acid or thermal treatments, resulting then in suitable products to be used as catalysts. This paper aims to characterize the red smectite clays of Boa-Vista, Paraíba (Brazil) in their natural form, and after chemical, therm…
Abstract We observed local enhancement of coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) by isolated gold nanoparticles. CARS signals from adenine molecules of a DNA base attached to isolated gold nanoparticles were strongly enhanced owing to the electromagnetic enhancement at the local proximity of the particles. The l…
The possibilities of using stem cells in place of tissue-specific cells. This article focuses on tissue engineering therapies and presents the potential use of autologous stem cells in place of allogeneic or xenogeneic tissue-specific cells, with an emphasis on adult mesenchymal stem cells. Scaffolds, synthetic extrac…
A well defined, congruently melting stoichiometric system , KSb 5 S 8 (see Figure), with a wide optical energy gap that undergoes rapid reversible crystal–glass transformation is described. The activation energy of crystallization E c was calculated to be ∼ 167 kJ mol –1 . The kinetic parameters and energy bandgaps of…
Silicate glasses kept at ambient temperature densify spontaneously, and their properties change with time. This is known as ageing of a glass. The spontaneous change occurs according to first-order rate kinetics, with a characteristic (relaxation) time much shorter than that of the α-relaxation process. According to t…
A conference entitled ‘Proteolysis in Prokaryotes: Protein Quality Control and Regulatory Principles’ was organized by Regine Hengge and Bernd Bukau from 25–27 October, 2002 in Schwetzingen, a small southern German town with a reputation for its castle and asparagus. It was the first conference sponsored by the Deutsc…
Electrically switchable diffraction gratings can be formed in the self‐assembled cholesteric liquid crystal gels prepared using an azobenzene‐containing gelator. The grating formation (see Figure) results from a light‐induced reorganization process in these materials, which leads to the removal of the nanometer‐sized…