Materials Literature
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Block copolymers adsorbing to an interface between two immiscible homopolymers modify the elastic constants of this interface. Within self-consistent field calculations for Gaussian chains, we determine how the bending constants vary in dependence on the block copolymer concentration and architecture. Four phenomena a…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Improving catalyst light-off characteristics during cold start and reducing engine-out (more accurately converter-in) emissions prior to catalyst light-off have been regarded as the keys to meeting future stringent emissions regulations. Many technologies and control strategies ha…
Raman spectra of nickel cobalt oxide films with spinel crystal structure showed unexpected variations with film thickness. Combined with the results of studies as a function of incident laser power and temperature, from 25 to 800 K, the results strongly point to a small polaron hopping model for electrical conductivit…
We report on low threshold photopumped amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in blends of derivatives of poly (p-phenylene vinylene) and distributed feedback (DFB) lasers fabricated from the same materials. Förster energy transfer is used to spectrally shift the emission away from the absorption band, thereby reducing…
The miniaturization of protein crystallography's experimental method has several advantages. Firstly, it reduces the amount of protein required for identifying crystallization conditions, allowing crystallographic studies of rare natural proteins and complexes. Secondly, higher levels of supersaturation can be obtaine…
A method to evaluate images from crystallization experiments is described. Image discontinuities are used to determine boundaries of artifacts in the images and these are then considered as individual objects. This allows the edge of the drop to be identified and any objects outside this ignored. Each object is evalua…
Boron carbon nitride films (BCN) were grown by B4C evaporation under concurrent N2 ion beam assistance. The films were characterized by x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopies, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The bonding structure and film composition correlate…
Thin film phosphors of Gd2O3:Eu3+ were deposited on quartz glass plates by pulsed laser deposition and compared with typically used thin film phosphors composed of Y2O3:Eu3+ in terms of cathodoluminescence (CL) and photoluminescence (PL). Both the CL and PL of Gd2O3:Eu3+ thin film phosphor were superior to those of co…
A differential 3ω technique is employed to determine the thermal conductivity of the AlAs0.07Sb0.93 ternary alloy, the Al0.9Ga0.1As0.07Sb0.93 quaternary alloy, and an (AlAs)1/(AlSb)11 digital-alloy superlattice. Between 80 and 300 K, the thermal conductivities for all three samples are relatively insensitive to temper…
The reaction of acetonitrile solutions of CoX2·2H2O (X = NCS, I, Br) and 2-dimethylaminoethanol (HL) with copper powder in air leads to the formation of new tri- and hexa-nuclear complexes [Cu2Co(NCS)3L3]·½CH3CN (1), [Cu2Co(μ3-OH)I2L3]2·4CH3CN (2) and [Cu2Co(μ3-OH)Br2L3]2·2CH3CN (3). X-Ray crystallographic analysis of…
Oxyfluoride glasses were developed with composition 30SiO2⋅15AlO1.5⋅28PbF2⋅22CdF2⋅(4.8−x)GdF3⋅0.1NdF3⋅0.1HoF3⋅xYbF3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 4.8) in mole percent. Powder x-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the heat treatments of the oxyfluoride glasses at 450 °C for 0.5 h cause the precipitation of Nd…
The results of the studies of structural, electrical, and thermoelectric properties of binary skutterudite CoSb3 thin films are presented. The n-type films were prepared without intentional doping on oxidized Si(100) and ceramic Al2O3 substrates using magnetron dc sputtering technique. The electron probe microanalysis…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">This investigation reports engine performance, combustion characteristics, and exhaust emissions with alternative diesel fuels of blends of vegetable oil and various fuel additives (fuel improving agents). To improve the oil viscosity and distillation characteristics, the study us…
An efficient procedure is described for catalyst recycling and easy product isolation in alkene epoxidation with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by water-soluble iron(III) porphyrins in environmentally benign and ambient temperature ionic liquids.
A system for the automatic categorization of the results of crystallization experiments generated by robotic screening is presented. Images from robotically generated crystallization screens are taken at preset time intervals and analyzed by the computer program Crystal Experiment Evaluation Program (CEEP). This progr…
(CoFe)–Si–O/Si–O multilayer nanogranular magnetic thin films for GHz rf circuits were designed and fabricated on SiO2/Si substrates using inductively coupled rf sputtering. A multilayer structure consisting of a CoFe ferromagnetic mononanogranular layer covered with an atomic-order SiO2 amorphous phase and a nanometer…
The growth and structure of fullerene-like CNx films produced by laser ablation of graphite in low pressure nitrogen were investigated. Deposition conditions were selected based on investigations of CN and C2 concentration at the condensation surface, vibrational temperature of CN radicals, and kinetic energies of ato…
With modern detectors and synchrotron sources, it is now routine to collect complete data sets in 10-30 min. To make the most efficient use of these resources, it is desirable to automate the collection and processing of the diffraction data, ideally to a level at which multiple data sets can be acquired without any i…
We suggest a model of the atomic and electronic processes responsible for the so-called 110 and 325 °C thermoluminescence (TL) peaks, including predose behavior, and for the room temperature optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of quartz. Our model is based on defects and defect processes typical of those known fro…
We report, for the first time, deviations from the Summerfield scaling in the ac conductivity spectra of single ion conducting glasses. In contrast to the extensively studied borate and germanate glasses, the conductivity isotherms of alkali tellurite glasses do not superimpose upon application of the Summerfield scal…