Materials Literature
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A brief review is presented of recent results derived from the random field theory approach to describing relaxor ferroelectric properties. The key point in this approach is that the random field originating f rom chemical disorder of relaxor ferroelectrics destroys long range polar order, which could otherwise exist…
The stabilization of the n = 3 member of the Ruddlesden−Popper series has been investigated in the Sr−Nd−Fe−O system. A new series of phases closely derived from RP-type structures has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The control of the oxygen stoichiometry first allowed…
We studied the magnetic and electronic properties of the insulating charge-transfer salt (TMTTF) 2 AsF 6 by electron spin resonance (ESR), SQUID magnetometer and optical conductivity measurements. For the first time, the lattice dynamics was investigated in the vicinity of the charge order transition. We found a split…
Realizations of double negative (DNG) metamaterials using lumped element representations of lossless and lossy transmission lines are reported. Double negative media are artificial materials in which the permittivity and permeability are both negative. Analytical and numerical results for a variety of transmission lin…
The results of polishing (using suspensions of nanodiamonds (NDs) produced by detonation synthesis at different plants) of the surfaces of 23 solid materials having different chemical compositions, production processes, structure, electronic properties, hardness, reactivity, and application are described. Atomic force…
Lanthanum‐doped lead zirconate stannate titanate ceramics were successfully compacted to full density by spark plasma sintering (SPS). SPS samples densified at 900° or 950°C exhibit nearly full density and fine grain size (about 300 nm). Compared with samples from conventional sintering (CS), SPS samples show larger p…
The effect of selective inhibition of nanodiamond oxidation upon heating of detonation carbon in air is used to extract nanodiamonds from the detonation products. The methods for cleaning nanodiamonds from nondiamond carbon modifications are described depending on the synthesis conditions.
We report that the optical frame orientation is wavelength independent over the entire transmission range of the nonlinear monoclinic crystal Ca4YO(BO3)3 (YCOB). We used a new method based on internal conical refraction associated with x-ray diffraction on a single crystal cut as a sphere. Direct phase-matching-angle…
Ferroelectric polyamide 11 films were prepared by melt-quenching, cold-drawing and electrical poling. Their ferroelectricity was studied by means of dielectric-hysteresis measurements. A remnant polarisation of up to 35 mC/m/sup 2/ and a coercive field of 75 MV/m were obtained. The piezoelectric d/sub 33/ coefficient…
13C-NMR measurements have been carried out on the quasi two-dimensional organic conductor, α-(BEDT-TTF) 2 I 3 . We measured the angular dependence of 13 C-NMR spectrum at several temperatures above metal-insulator transition temperature, 135 K (=T MI, ). We found that charge (spin) disproportionation already exists in…
We report the preparation of metal-carbonyl-dendrimer-antibody conjugates. These metal-carbonyl-multilabeled antibodies are designed to be used in a new solid-phase-format carbonyl metallo immunoassay (CMIA). A fourth-generation polyamidoamine dendrimer was labeled with 10-25 (eta5-cyclopentadienyl)iron dicarbonyl (et…
Carbon black, silica and calcium carbonate were used as fillers in polypropylene–natural rubber–recycle rubber powder (PP–NR–RRP) composites. The effects of filler loading on processability, tensile properties, swelling behavior and morphology of PP–NR–RRP composites at a fixed weight ratio of 70/15/15 were studied. T…
The take-off run for aerospace composites has been prolonged, but now that designers feel more comfortable with these materials, they are incorporating them into primary aerostructures – as well as into the design codes, qualification loops and other features of the necessarily safety-first aviation culture. As a resu…
Structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate, PMN–PT (66:34), prepared at different sintering temperatures (1150–1250°C) are discussed for actuator applications. System sintered at 1200 and 1250°C showed better perovskite phase stabilization and higher valu…
A trimer of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) was prepared considering its industrial applications and safety associated with it was compared to normal diisocyanates. The IPDI trimer has been characterized by PMR and IR spectroscopies, physical constant (melting point) and isocyanate content. This trimer was used for pre…
The effects of low-energy electron irradiation on spin-coated films of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) have been studied with fluorescence, mass spectrometry, and a variety of electron spectroscopies, including photoemission. Electron impact by 180 eV electrons causes a decrease in photoluminescence intensity, bro…
We have used a density-functional-based tight-binding method in order to create structural models of the canonical chalcogenide glass, amorphous ${\mathrm{As}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{3}.$ The models range from one containing defects that are both chemical (homopolar bonds) and topological (valence-alternation pairs) in natu…
This study evaluates the effect of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-cohydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) bioabsorbable polymers and their blends on the induction of alteration of cell growth pattern in vitro. Vero cells were cultured on PLLA, PHBV, and different blends (100/0, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, and 0/100).…
A new and improved solution to the helicopter blade-tracking problem has been investigated. A discrete, blade-installed actuator utilizing shape memory alloy (SMA) torsion tubes has been developed to enable in-flight rotor tracking. SMA torsion tubes from three materials were tested and one was selected for its cyclic…
A high-pressure phase of TiO 2 with a baddeleyite-type related structure has been synthesized via very rapid heating-cooling under energetic Nd-YAG laser pulse irradiation of the Ti target in oxygen ambient. Spherical nanoparticles transformed martensitically into baddeleyite-type and then α-PbO 2 -type structures wit…