Materials Literature
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Perchlorinated derivatives of the common o-diimine chelate ligands 2,2′-bipyridine and 1,10- phenanthroline were synthesized and tested for their coordination behavior towards metal ions. Octachloro-1,10-phenanthroline (ocp) was obtained via chlorination with PCl 5 under pressure (300 ° C, 18 h). It fails to form stab…
Abstract Charge trapping effects were studied in bilayers of conducting polymers composed of poly( N ‐methylpyrrole) (PMPy) and polypyrrole (PPy), by comparing redox charges of the polymer [ Q (ox/red)] obtained by integration of cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric curves for single films and bilayers with vari…
Abstract Photocyclization of the substituted 2‐(naphth‐1‐yl)‐3‐(thien‐2‐yl)propenoic acid ( 3 ) in the presence of iodine and air in a benzene‐cyclohexane mixture afforded a separable mixture of three compounds, phenanthro[2,1‐ b ]thiophene‐10‐carboxylic acid ( 4 ), phenanthro[2,1‐ b ]thiothene ( 5 ), and naphtho[1,8‐…
Abstract Based upon long‐term experiences with accelerating ageing tests of polymeric materials and composite insulators, the authors give a contribution to an improvement of the reproducibility and results' validity of the salt‐fog procedure. The following parameters and criteria standardized are critically evaluated…
Cast macrostructure has long been considered an important metallurgical feature in determining the mechanical properties of high-chromium white irons. To explore this relationship, the US Bureau of Mines has looked at a series of high-chromium white irons cast at different superheat temperatures (75 and 250 °C) and th…
The effect of filament initial modulus on textured yarn properties is studied, keeping other parameters constant. Initial modulus has a major influence on textured yarn properties. An increased initial modulus causes poor texturizability and therefore in ferior textured yarn properties such as poor bulk, stability, lo…
The structure of GGT [EC 2.3.2.2] from E. coli K-12 was studied at 3 A resolution by X-ray crystallography. Initial protein phases were calculated using two kinds of Pb2+ derivatives. The phases were refined by non-crystallographic 2-fold symmetry electron density averaging combined with solvent flattening and histogr…
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation T. S. Creasy, S. G. Advani, R. K. Okine; Transient rheological behavior of a long discontinuous f…
Abstract— The mechanism of “475°C embrittlement” of a duplex stainless steel was investigated using finite element modelling of the stress distribution at brittle fracture initiation. Brittle fracture initiated at a critical shear stress, which increased with ferrite hardness. The fracture stress was affected by the d…
Abstract The local order around the yttrium atoms in a series of samples belonging to the Y 2 O 3 −Al 2 O 3 system have been characterised by X‐ray absorption at the yttrium K‐edge. Three types of Y‐O bonds were found in the first coordination shell for samples rich in Y 2 O 3 . The garnet‐like aluminates have been el…
Abstract— The mechanism of “475°C embrittlement” in age‐hardened ferritic stainless steel, E‐Brite and A129‐4, is investigated. Experimental results for smooth tensile and notched bending fracture tests are interpreted using a finite element simulation of the stresses at fracture. Yield is characterised by profuse sli…
Raman scattering measurements and lattice dynamics calculations are reported for the cyclosilicate mineral wadeite ${\mathrm{K}}_{2}$${\mathrm{ZrSi}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{9}$. The structure of this crystal (space group P6\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} or ${\mathit{C}}_{3\mathit{h}}^{1}$) consists of planar three…
‘Reverse’ or ‘polymer ball’ polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) samples were prepared by a photopolymerization induced phase separation method. A detailed study of the effects of the sample preparation parameters, such as curing time, curing intensity, and liquid crystal concentration are reported. It was found th…
Abstract An overview of the causes and effects of porosity in rubber has been presented. The formation of porosity in rubber can be attributed to the heterogeneous nucleation and diffusion controlled bubble growth. The process proceeds simultaneously with vulcanization, so bubble formation in viscous fluids and in cro…
High-resolution silicon 2p photoemission measurements have been obtained using a recently designed state of the art high resolution monochromatized Al x-ray source with our enhanced multidetection system. The temperature dependence of the phonon broadening of the Si 2p XPS core lines has been investigated. Up to 470 K…
The interface properties of a nematic liquid crystal in contact with a solid substrate are investigated by considering the effect of a position dependent external field on a short range nematic-substrate interaction. Such a field could be due, for instance, to the van der Waals interaction between the substrate and th…
An extension is proposed for the self-validation Hamilton test [Hamilton (1965). Acta Cryst. 18, 502-510] for crystallographic refinement. The method is based on the statistical F test and evaluates the significance of the R-factor ratio between two refinement protocols. The general case of two refinements carried out…
Abstract The kinetics of cluster growth in segregation and crystallization processes in highly viscous materials taking into account stress development andstress relaxation is investigated theoretically. Different models of stressdevelopment are considered for the case that stresses arise due to the formation and grow…
Thin films of Ti and TiN interposed between the Cu layer and SiO 2 are examined as a diffusion barrier as well as an adhesion-promoting layer for Cu metallization technology. Solid-phase reactions and/or interdiffusion taking place in the Cu/Ti/ SiO 2 /Si and Cu/TiN/ SiO 2 /Si systems are examined by X-ray diffraction…
The pit generation rate (g) on stainless steel (SS) in natural seawater was analyzed according to the stochastic theory. Under the experimental conditions with statistical measurements taken using a potentiokinetic method, two processes were revealed. The first process, with the highest rate, controlled pit generation…