Materials Literature
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Galvanic cells of the form where varied between 0.9 and 1.2 were operated at 120°C, and currents of 50 mA/cm 2 could be drawn. The cells were electrochemically regenerative, and the cathodes could be thermally regenerated. Initial open‐circuit voltages varied between 2.37 and 2.45V. Cells were discharged at constant c…
Field induced reversible transitions between AFE and FE phases of PLZT ceramics are considered to realize a high contrast image storage and display device. The proposed field-induced phase transition takes the material from a non-scattering AFE phase to a scattering FE phase, and returns the material to the original A…
Samples of the metallic spinels CuCr 2 S 4 and CuCo 2 S 4 have been prepared and examined by x-ray diffraction. In each case the spinel pattern was accompanied by a number of weak foreign reflections consistent with the presence of a single impurity phase, identified as γ-CuCrS 2- x and CoS 2 respectively. Careful str…
SummaryElectron microscopy of carbon replicas taken from outer surfaces, sections and cell base patterns of anodic films, formed in oxalic acid, has enabled relationships between the main film parameters of barrier layer thickness, cell size and pore diameter to be quantified and related to the anodizing variables. In…
The potential-pH-temperature relationships for the aluminium-water system have been calculated by the methods of de Bethune, Khodakovskiy, Criss and Cobble, and Helgeson and a critical comparison made. The Criss and Cobble method produced the most consistent results and was used to construct a corrosion diagram for th…
The structure of Na2W4O13 has been determined by Patterson and Fourier methods from 426 independent reflections measured photographically. The basic units, consisting of four edge-shared octahedra, are linked along two crystallographic directions by corner sharing to form octahedral layers, which are held together by…
The influence of the mosaic block structure of bulk-crystallized high-density polyethylene upon deformation within the elastic limit and upon fatigue phenomenon has been extensively studied in the temperature range of the α relaxation mechanism. The magnitude of elastic limit, estimated from two models involving a til…
The relationships between the surface properties of ionic salts, in particular metal sulfates, and their catalytic activities have intrigued us for some time [l]. They offer a useful model for linking homogeneous to heterogeneous catalysis. A metal sulfate, for example NiSO4·7H2O, develops a significant degree of acid…
Fifteen lithium compounds have been studied as powders and very thin films, and all of them have been found to undergo photoreduction to varying degrees. Photoreduction leads to the formation of lithium oxide and lithium metal which exhibit clear peaks in the X-ray photoelectron spectrum. The presence of lithium compo…
Data have been obtained for benzoic acid, 1-naphthoic acid and 2-naphthoic acid adsorption on the carbon blacks Graphon and Spheron 6, and on the oxides Alcoa C730, Alon C, titanium dioxide and Cab–O–Sil using some or all of the solvents cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride and cyclohexanone. Individual isotherms were ca…
Equilibrium constants are reported for protonation of the linear tetra-amine 4,9-diazadodecane-1,12-diamine (4,9NH-ddd) and for formation of the complexes [CuL]2+ and [Cu(HL)]3+(L = 4,9NH-ddd) at I= 0·1M-NaCl and 25 °C. The bis(propane-1,3-diamine) complex, [Cu(prd)2]2+, and that formed by the title ligand are of simi…
The trinuclear complex [Co3(quin)2(PhCO2)6] is produced by the slow reaction of quinoline with ethanolic cobalt(II) benzoate; its molecular structure, determined by X-ray methods, consists of a linear array of cobalt atoms bridged by benzoate groups, but the compound is only very weakly antiferromagnetic.
An important industrial property of a polymer is its impact strength, the ability to dissipate the energy of an impact, through some mechanical loss process, without breaking. This property may be enhanced through the judicious use of fillers and grafts, yet the reason why one unmodified polymer has a higher impact st…
The integrated intensities of high-order reflexions for Ni, Cr, Fe, Mo, and W powder samples were measured at 296 and 77°K with Mo Kα radiation. The values 397 ± 6, 510 ± 6, 435 ± 6, 407 ± 6, and 333 ± 6°K respectively were obtained for the Debye temperatures after correction for thermal diffuse scattering. These valu…
I. INTRODUCTION Ultraviolet radiation, either alone or in combination with oxygen, heavy metals, etc. profoundly influences the mechanical behavior of most polymers. Indeed, the preparation of photodegradable resistant polymers, or of additives to prevent or reduce the photodegradation of polymers, have been major fie…
The nature of trapping and emission centres in various impurity doped BaSO4 phosphors has been investigated by thermoluminescence (glow curves and emission spectra) and esr techniques. The results indicate that anion radicals (such as SO4 −, SO3 −, O3 − etc) that act as trapped hole centres are formed by γ-irradiation…
Abstract The behavior of individual spherulites on uniform deformation of bulk polyethylene is studied with a model consisting of a spherical spherulite and a homogeneous matrix having the properties of the polymer. On the basis of this model, the nonaffine or inhomogeneous deformation in the spherulite is found to be…
Abstract This paper reviews the studies of the author and colleagues into the mechanisms of hysteresis in polymers. The subjects discussed include low strain amplitude dependence of modulus and hysteresis, stress‐softening effects, the energetics at rupture over a wide temperature range and rate of straining, energy f…
The change of atomization mechanism at the edge of a rotating disk was studied based on theoretical consideration and various experimental data. The flow rate at the transition was determined by seeing directly the transition phenomena with a stroboscope. Four kinds of liquids and five kinds of disks were used in this…
The grain boundaries which are present within a polycrystalline aggregate freq uently contribute to strengthening the material because they provide a definite resistance to slip bands or twin bands that otherwise would propagate freely through the microstructure. This result applies at low temperatures and at normal d…