Materials Literature
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Brillouin light scattering has been used to study the elastic properties of an InSe film grown epitaxially on a hydrogen-terminated non-reconstructed Si(111) surface. Both generalized Rayleigh-Sezawa and Love acoustic modes have been revealed, and their velocity dispersions measured as functions of the ratio between t…
The short-pulse laser crystallization and interference structuring of amorphous germanium films were investigated by time resolved reflection measurements and Raman spectroscopy. We demonstrate that submicrometer crystalline structures with very sharp lateral interfaces can be produced by laser interference crystalliz…
The ordering temperatures Tc1 (disordered β to B2 order) and Tc2 (B2 to L21 order) have been obtained in Cu–Al–Ni shape memory alloys with different concentrations by electrical resistivity. The dependence of the ordering temperatures on the concentration has been established. Also, a modification of the theoretical c…
A poly(t-butyl acrylate)/gold nanocomposite sandwich was annealed to induce diffusion of the gold particles, which was monitored using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Marker motion experiments were also performed to probe particle and polymer mobilities independently. The experiments revealed that particle mob…
We investigate a wetting reversal transition in thin films of two-phase mixtures of poly(ethylene-propylene) (PEP) and its deuterated analog (dPEP) on substrates covered by self-assembled monolayers (SAM) whose surface energy, ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathrm{SAM}}$, is tuned by varying the SAM composition. As ${\ensur…
We have studied thin liquid films made from semidilute polyelectrolyte solutions. The disjoining pressure (due to interaction between film surfaces) has been measured as a function of the film thickness. We observe pressure oscillations, corresponding to film stratification. The oscillations become sharper as the poly…
We investigated the reduction mechanism of surface oxide on aluminum alloy powders containing magnesium, by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation (SR-XPS). The reduction is the initial reaction in a new aluminum nitridation method developed by one of the authors. In heating the powders to 823 K,…
Magnetic excitations have been investigated in the spin dimer material ${\mathrm{VODPO}}_{4}\ifmmode \dot{}\else \.{}\fi{}\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{D}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ using inelastic neutron scattering. A dispersionless magnetic mode was observed at an energy of 7.81(4) meV. The wave vector dependence of the scattering inte…
By studying the growth of Cu2O islands during the initial oxidation stage of Cu(001) with in situ transmission electron microscopy, it is found that the dominant mechanism for the growth of three-dimensional islands is surface diffusion of oxygen. However, there exists a non-negligible contribution to the metal oxide…
We have measured thermally stimulated luminescence from light-emitting porous silicon that has been x irradiated at room temperature and heated to 400 °C. The glow curve exhibits peaks at 103, 155, 219, and 271 °C, with additional maxima occurring above 400 °C. Each of the peaks emits similar emission spectra characte…
We simulate viscoelastic phase separation of polymer solutions by solving numerically Langevin equations of a ``viscoelastic model'' that newly includes the bulk relaxation modulus in addition to the shear relaxation modulus. The results reproduce almost all the essential features of viscoelastic phase separation obse…
We proposed a method to enhance the characteristics of undoped ZnO films by H2 post-treatment using photochemical vapor deposition. The resistivity of a H2-treated film decreased from 1×10−2 to 2×10−3 Ω cm, the haze ratio increased from 37% to 48%, and no degradation of total transmittance was observed. There are two…
A 2 in. diam single crystal of lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7) was successfully grown by the Czochralski method. The crystal was free from macrodefects and had a dislocation density as low as 100/cm2. It had an excellent homogeneity of the refractive index and a wide transparency down to 170 nm. The optical damage thres…
Two-dimensional graphite films (2DGF) on solids are wonderful objects, real nature-made two-dimensional crystals. Formation on active metal surface of a 2DGF with extremely high adsorption, chemical and catalytic passivity leads to a number of staggering effects. The review is devoted to 2DGF on metals and their natur…
The phonon dispersion curves of cubic BaTiO_3 have been computed within a first-principles approach and the results compared to the experimental data. The curves obtained are very similar to those reported for KNbO_3 by Yu and Krakauer [Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4067 (1995)]. They reveal that correlated atomic displacement…
β- Ga 2 O 3 single crystals were grown by the floating zone method and their conductivity along the b axis was controlled from <10−9 to 38 Ω−1 cm−1 by changing the growth atmosphere. By using feed rods doped with Sn, the grown crystal became highly conductive even under oxidative atmosphere. The optical transmi…
Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) prepared by solid-state chlorination was used as compatibilizer for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) blends. Effects of CPE molecular structure on stress-strain behaviors, dynamic mechanical properties, and morphologies of PVC/LLDPE blends were studied b…
The morphology and structure of polycaproamide granules obtained by anionic polymerization of caprolactam in ethylbenzene in the presence of different activators (isocyanates) were investigated. The granules, which consist of a large number of initially separated small particles, were characterized by scanning electro…
Blends of native corn starch and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH), with starch: EVOH ratios of 1 : 1 (SE-50) and 2 : 1 (SE-67A, SE-67B), were processed into blown films. SE-67A had a higher glycerol and water content and was processed at 5°C higher than was SE-67B. The films were conditioned to various moisture…
The effect of including 0.5 wt % talc on the photodegradation behavior of polypropylene (PP) was investigated in injection-molded samples exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UV) in the laboratory for periods of up to 24 weeks. The structure of the talc-nucleated samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction and light m…