Materials Literature
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Large magnetic contributions to the low-temperature specific heats of rare-earth metaphosphate (R 2 O 3 ) 0.25 (P 2 O 5 ) 0.75 glasses have been observed. These effects result from electronic transitions between 4 f levels multiply split due to local disorder, which also give rise to a strong electronic contribution t…
The electronic structure of the metallic ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ and insulating phases has been investigated using a combination of the three-dimensional periodic shell model and the discrete-variational $(\mathrm{DV})\ensuremath{-}X\ensuremath{\alpha}$ cluster method. Besides the effects of intersite repu…
Electrical and optical properties of ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Y}}_{x}{\mathrm{TiO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{CaTi}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ ($x=0,$ ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4},$ ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3},$ and ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$) single crystals were studied to understand the me…
The structural and vibrational properties of Si in two fourfold coordinated crystalline structures (clathrates) are studied and compared with those in the diamond structure using a generalized tight-binding molecular-dynamics scheme. The vibrational spectra reported for both clathrates are obtained using quantum metho…
Hydrogen-bonding interaction between the two components of the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/oligoester (OER) blends and the PEO/crosslinked unsaturated polyester resin (PER) blends was found to be an important driving force to the miscibility of these polymer blends. Its strength is approximately as strong as the self-a…
The aim of this study was to investigate the micro structure of the transcrystalline interphase, obtained under isothermal conditions, in polyethylene-based single-polymer microcomposites. Analysis of the angular distribution of intensity in the X-ray diffraction patterns, obtained from transcrystalline layers of vary…
The amorphous carbon nitride films were produced using electron cyclotron resonance nitrogen plasma with various mixtures of N2 and CH4 gases. The dependence of film structures on the nitrogen incorporation and the structural modifications of the film due to ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation were investigated using i…
Chemical depolymerization of chitosan was obtained in the solid state by means of gaseous HCl. This new method allowed us to simultaneously form the hydrochloric salt and saturate the hydration water with acid. The depolymerization was carried out by keeping the product at a given temperature for the desired time. The…
Molecular-dynamics simulations were performed to clarify the structures of SrO and BaO layers on a ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}(001)$ substrate at the atomic level, and to predict an appropriate buffer layer for ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}x}/{\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ heterojunction. The atom…
We introduce a method for examining the boundaries between periodic block copolymer morphologies using self-consistent field theory (SCFT). The technique is illustrated on kink grain boundaries in the AB diblock copolymer lamellar phase. In agreement with experiment, the A and B domains evolve from a simple “chevron”…
The magneto-optical (MO) spectra of 15 ternary ferromagnetic compounds are investigated on the basis of local-density band-structure calculations. The key material of interest in this study is PtMnSb, for which the MO Kerr spectra are unusually large and quite different from that of, e.g., the isoelectronic compounds…
Kerr-lens mode-locked Kr-laser-pumped Cr:LiSGaF and Cr:LiSAF lasers containing only two newly developed low-loss chirped mirrors instead of conventional dielectric resonator mirrors and generating pulses of widths as small as 14-fs with as much as 100 mW of average output power are reported. We report what is to our k…
Infrared spectra obtained from Czochralski (CZ) silicon heated in the range $1100<~T<~1300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ in ${\mathrm{H}}_{2},$ ${\mathrm{D}}_{2},$ or mixtures of the two gases, show vibrational absorption at $1075{\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ due to perturbed bond-cen…
The electronic properties of bis(2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine)iron(II) triflate depend markedly on the extent of hydration. The trihydrate is low spin while the monohydrate is high spin at room temperature but undergoes a discontinuous transition to low spin at low temperatures. In the anhydrous complex magnetic and…
The two-dimensional silicon backbone structure of planar polysilane and W\"ohler siloxene is responsible for their exciting luminescing properties. We have prepared single crystals of siloxene by a topotactic reaction from crystalline CaSi${}_{2}$. The chemical composition was determined as [Si${}_{6}$H${}_{3}$(OH)${}…
N-vinyl-n-butyramide (NVBA), N-vinylisovaleramide (NVIVA), and N-vinyl-n-valeramide (NVVA), which are N-vinylalkylamides with different alkyl groups were synthesized and their solution behavior in a polymeric form was examined. Copolymers of N-vinylisobutyramide (NVIBA) with N-vinylacetamide (NVA), NVIBA with NVVA, an…
Oligonucleotide dendrimers were synthesized using a novel phosphoramidite synthon, tris-2,2,2-[3-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityloxy) propyloxymethyl]ethyl- N , N -diisopropylaminocyanethoxy phosphoramidite. Label, incorporated using [gamma-32P]ATP and polynucleotide kinase, was increased in proportion to the number of 5'-ends.…
The nonexponential response of propylene carbonate and glycerol near their glass transitions could be selectively altered using nonresonant spectral hole burning (NSHB) experiments. This observation provides evidence of the existence of a distribution of relaxation times in these supercooled liquids. NSHB is based on…
The surface structure of ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}(110)$ has been reexamined using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), especially in terms of its temperature dependency. A dramatic topographic change was observed around 725 K, which is most likely due to the oxygen desorption into the gas phase and the simultaneous diffusi…
Using a low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy growth procedure, ${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{x}\mathrm{As}$ --- a III-V diluted magnetic semiconductor --- is obtained with Mn concentrations up to $x\ensuremath{\sim}9%.$ At a critical temperature ${T}_{c}$ (${T}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}50\mathrm{K}$…