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Tropylium Ion Formation from Toluene: Solution of an Old Problem in Organic Mass Spectrometry

Chava Lifshitz1994-05-01Accounts of Chemical Research

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTropylium Ion Formation from Toluene: Solution of an Old Problem in Organic Mass SpectrometryChava LifshitzCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1994, 27, 5, 138–144Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pub…

Analytical chemistry methods developmentCatalytic Processes in Materials ScienceAmmonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction

Surface analysis of oxidized aluminium. 1. Hydration of Al 2 O 3 and decomposition of Al(OH) 3 in a vacuum as studied by ESCA

Anders Nylund、I. Olefjord1994-05-01Surface and Interface Analysis

Abstract Pure polycrystalline Al (99.998%) was oxidized in dry oxygen and water. The surface products formed were analysed by ESCA. The thicknesses of the amorphous Al 2 O 3 formed during oxidation for 1 h in dry oxygen at 25°C and 250°C are 14 and 20 Å, respectively. During exposure of the oxidized sample to water a…

Semiconductor materials and devicesElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy TechniquesIon-surface interactions and analysis

Phase I clinical evaluation of a new iron oxide MR contrast agent

Stuart J. McLachlan、Marie R. Morris、Maria A. Lucas 等 8 位作者1994-05-01Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The safety and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging potential of BMS 180549, a new superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent, were evaluated in a phase I, open-label, placebo-controlled study involving 41 healthy subjects. No clinically significant postdose changes in physical examination findings, vital signs, or electr…

Advanced MRI Techniques and ApplicationsLanthanide and Transition Metal ComplexesMRI in cancer diagnosis

Redox Processes on Pure Ceria and on Rh/CeO2 Catalyst Monitored by X-Ray Absorption (Fast Acquisition Mode)

Jaâfar El Fallah、S. Boujana、H. Dexpert 等 8 位作者1994-05-01The Journal of Physical Chemistry

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRedox Processes on Pure Ceria and on Rh/CeO2 Catalyst Monitored by X-Ray Absorption (Fast Acquisition Mode)J. El Fallah, S. Boujana, H. Dexpert, A. Kiennemann, J. Majerus, O. Touret, F. Villain, and F. Le NormandCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 21, 5522–5533Publication Da…

Electrocatalysts for Energy ConversionCatalytic Processes in Materials ScienceNanomaterials for catalytic reactions

Supramolecular Organization of Imidazolyl-Porphyrin to a Slipped Cofacial Dimer

Yoshiaki Kobuke、Hidekazu Miyaji1994-05-01Journal of the American Chemical Society

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSupramolecular Organization of Imidazolyl-Porphyrin to a Slipped Cofacial DimerYoshiaki Kobuke and Hidekazu MiyajiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 9, 4111–4112Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 199…

Supramolecular Chemistry and ComplexesPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistrySurface Chemistry and Catalysis

Dielectric studies of the α‐relaxation in miscible polymer blends and its relation to concentration fluctuations

Aline Zetsche、E. W. Fischer1994-05-01Acta Polymerica

Abstract The α‐relaxations in homogeneous polymer blends are often compared with the corresponding relaxations in their pure components, an effect that has long been associated qualitatively with concentration fluctuations. A novel “fluctuation model” describes very accurately the observed dielectric relaxation curves…

Polymer Nanocomposites and PropertiesHigh voltage insulation and dielectric phenomenaDielectric materials and actuators

Theoretical study of the stabilization of cubic-phaseZrO2by impurities

Eugene V. Stefanovich、Alexander L. Shluger、C. Richard A. Catlow1994-05-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

We have performed a thermodynamical analysis of the phase diagrams for ${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{2}$-CaO and ${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{2}$-MgO solid solutions which has demonstrated that differential heats of mixing are important parameters determining the stabilization of the cubic phase of ${\mathrm{ZrO}}_{2}$ by impurities. It is sh…

Rare-earth and actinide compoundsNuclear Materials and PropertiesInorganic Chemistry and Materials

Cooperativity of the Coil-Globule Transition in a Homopolymer: Microcalorimetric Study of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

E. I. Tiktopulo、Valentina E. Bychkova、J. Rička 等 4 位作者1994-05-01Macromolecules

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCooperativity of the Coil-Globule Transition in a Homopolymer: Microcalorimetric Study of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)E. I. Tiktopulo, V. E. Bychkova, J. Ricka, and O. B. PtitsynCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 10, 2879–2882Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication H…

Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applicationsPolymer crystallization and propertiesMaterial Dynamics and Properties

Thermomechanical Response of Shape Memory Composites

James G. Boyd、Dimitris C. Lagoudas1994-05-01Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

A micromechanics method based on the Mori-Tanaka averaging scheme is used to predict the effective thermomechanical properties of composite materials reinforced by Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) fibers. Both elastic stiffness changes and transformation strains are taken into account in the constitutive modelling of the SMA…

Shape Memory Alloy TransformationsTopology Optimization in EngineeringComposite Material Mechanics

The functions and consensus motifs of nine types of peptide segments that form different types of nucleotide‐binding sites

Thomas W. Traut1994-05-01European Journal of Biochemistry

From an analysis of current data on 16 protein structures with defined nucleotide-binding sites consensus motifs were determined for the peptide segments that form such nucleotide-binding sites. This was done by using the actual residues shown to contact ligands in the different protein structures, plus an additional…

Chemical Synthesis and AnalysisEnzyme Structure and FunctionBiochemical and Molecular Research

Cybernetic model for synthesis of poly‐β‐hydroxybutyric acid in Alcaligenes eutrophus

Seung Min Yoo、Woo‐Sik Kim1994-05-01Biotechnology and Bioengineering

The pathway of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) exhibits a mode of transcriptional control induced by environmental stress. A new cybernetic model for coordinated regulation of stress-induced metabolism was developed to predict the growth and the synthesis of PHB in Alcaligenes eutrophus. A plausible objective for…

Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilizationbiodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesMicrobial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction

Precise Determination of the Chemical Diffusion Coefficient of Calcium‐Doped Lanthanum Chromites by Means of Electrical Conductivity Relaxation

Isamu Yasuda、Tomoji Hikita1994-05-01Journal of The Electrochemical Society

Chemical relaxation experiments were conducted on sintered samples of calcium‐doped lanthanum chromites by abruptly changing the oxygen partial pressure in the atmosphere and following the time change of conductivity. The re‐equilibration kinetics was analyzed by fitting the relaxation data to the solutions of Fick's…

Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel CellsGlass properties and applicationsNuclear materials and radiation effects

Explicit nondivergent formulas for atomic and molecular dynamic hyperpolarizabilities

David M. Bishop1994-05-01The Journal of Chemical Physics

Two methods are used to develop nondivergent, compact, sum-over-states formulas for dynamic hyperpolarizabilities up to fifth order. Expressions for both atoms and molecules are given; those at fourth and fifth order for the first time. The fifth-order formula is related to such nonlinear optical phenomena as stimulat…

Nonlinear Optical Materials ResearchPhotorefractive and Nonlinear OpticsOptical and Acousto-Optic Technologies

Quasirelativistic Pseudopotential Study of Species Isoelectronic to Uranyl and the Equatorial Coordination of Uranyl

Pekka Pyykkoe、Jian Li、Nino Runeberg1994-05-01The Journal of Physical Chemistry

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuasirelativistic Pseudopotential Study of Species Isoelectronic to Uranyl and the Equatorial Coordination of UranylPekka Pyykkoe, Jian Li, and Nino RunebergCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 18, 4809–4813Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published onl…

Radioactive element chemistry and processingThermal and Kinetic AnalysisChemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure

Atomistic calculations of composite interfaces

M. I. Baskes、J. E. Angelo、C. L. Bisson1994-05-01Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering

The modified embedded atom method (MEAM), an empirical extension of the embedded atom method (EAM) that includes angular forces, has been used to examine the interface between a silicon substrate and a thin overlayer of nickel. A brief review of the MEAM is given and parameters are determined for the Si-Ni system. As…

Microstructure and mechanical propertiesMetal and Thin Film MechanicsAluminum Alloys Composites Properties

The Pinwheel Tilings of the Plane

Charles Radin1994-05-01Annals of Mathematics

Abstract. We discuss two new results on tilings of the plane. In the first, we give sufficient conditions for the tilings associated with an inflation rule to be uniquely ergodic under translations, the conditions holding for the pinwheel inflation rule. In the second result we prove there are matching rules for the p…

Advanced Materials and MechanicsQuasicrystal Structures and PropertiesCellular Automata and Applications

Effect of Dopants on Zirconia Stabilization—An X‐ray Absorption Study: III, Charge‐Compensating Dopants

Ping Li、I‐Wei Chen、James E. Penner‐Hahn1994-05-01Journal of the American Ceramic Society

X‐ray absorption spectra at the Zr‐, Y‐, and Nb‐ K edges of ZrO 2 ‐YNBO 4 solid solutions have been measured at 10 K to determine the local atomic structures. Both Y and Nb cations substitute for Zr in the cation network but maintain rather different local oxygen coordination from Zr. In tetragonal zirconia solid solu…

Advanced Condensed Matter PhysicsNuclear materials and radiation effectsElectronic and Structural Properties of Oxides

(Co)polymers of L‐lactide, 2. Mechanical properties

Dirk W. Grijpma、A. J. Pennings1994-05-01Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics

Abstract The effect of copolymerization of L ‐lactide with several lactones and cyclic carbonates and the processing variables in compression moulding of poly( L ‐lactide) homopolymers on the mechanical properties was investigated. Sharp maxima in the impact strength versus comonomer composition and heat of fusion wer…

biodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesCarbon dioxide utilization in catalysis

Unusually stable β‐sheet formation in an ionic self‐complementary oligopeptide

Shuguang Zhang、C Lockshin、R. Frank Cook 等 4 位作者1994-05-01Biopolymers

A 16-residue amphiphilic oligopeptide (EAK16) with every other residue alanine and also containing glutamic acid and lysine (Ac-NH-AEAEAKAKAEAEAKAK-CONH2) is able to form an unusually stable beta-sheet structure. The beta-sheet structure is stable at very low concentrations in water and at high temperatures. Various p…

Protein Structure and DynamicsChemical Synthesis and AnalysisSupramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials

Sequence of dielectric anomalies and high-temperature relaxation behavior inNa1/2Bi1/2TiO3

Chi‐Shun Tu、I. G. Siny、V. Hugo Schmidt1994-05-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Measurements of relative permittivity (\ensuremath{\varepsilon}=\ensuremath{\varepsilon}\ensuremath{'}-i\ensuremath{\varepsilon}\ensuremath{''}) in the complex perovskite crystal ${\mathrm{Na}}_{1/2}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_{1/2}$${\mathrm{TiO}}_{3}$ were carried out as functions of frequency (0.02--300 kHz) and temperature (3…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsMultiferroics and related materialsDielectric properties of ceramics