Materials Literature
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Refractive-index and linear-birefringence measurements on $\mathrm{K}{\mathrm{Ta}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, with $x=0.008, 0.012, \mathrm{and} 0.02$, reveal smeared phase transitions into long-range order. In accordance with previous caloric, second-harmonic---generation, dielectric, and x…
Many of the early transition elements form large polynuclear metal-oxygen anions containing up to 200 atoms or more. Although these polyoxoanions have been investigated for more than a century, detailed studies of structure and reactivity were not possible until the development of modern x-ray crystallographic and nuc…
In the study of the fundamental mechanism of growth and nucleation of a crystal from an aqueous solution, it is essential that the structural nature of the supersaturated liquid be as well understood as possible. It is suspected that the species diffusing to the surface of growing crystals are not single ions but eith…
At temperatures above ∼180°C, trace levels of oxygen react with the Si‒H bond of to form an "Si‐OH" species, which in turn complexes impurities in the , such as or . Purification occurs during a subsequent distillation step which separates the purified from the less volatile complex and . In the laboratory‐scale studi…
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Erik D. Johnson, Robert P. Merrill; Summary Abstract: Characterization of planar aluminas by x‐ra…
The continuously increasing paper machine speeds and widths have contributed to the growing importance of dryer section runnability. To obtain an optimal way of operating the dryer section, the papermakers can have access to dryer section surveys performed by machine manufacturers and suppliers of ventilation equipmen…
A very short pulse voltage traveling on a corona transmission line producing streamer coronas is subjected to a time-dependent distortion of its waveform owing to energy consumption by coronas. In the case of a wire-to-duct corona transmission line, only negative streamers appear from the edges of a corona wire. On th…
Mit dem bereits früher vorgestellten Simulationsmodell wird der Stofftransport durch Blasenschwärme untersucht, wobei die kontinuierliche Konzentrationsabnahme der im Bad gelösten Stoffe, der relative Gasgehalt der Schmelze und die Geschwindigkeit der Blasen im Schwarm zusätzlich berücksichtigt wurden. Dabei wurde fes…
The results of an investigation of a technique for determining the complex dynamic bulk modulus of elastomers via inversion of acoustic scattering data obtained in water are described. Least-squares fitting determines the set of expansion coefficients which is most consistent with measured scattered pressures. The zer…
In this paper we report the ferroelectric glass-ceramics possessing both piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties. The properties can be comparable to those of corresponding ceramics or single crystals.
Abstract The atomic scattering factor f h for elastic scattering of electromagnetic radiation depends strongly on electronic charge distribution n ( r ) in the atom. Deviations of recently measured f h 's from those calculated from free‐atom electron states confirm the notion that n ( r ) gets appreciably modified in…
Abstract It is shown that in mixed solvents where preferential sorption takes place, the intrinsic viscosity and the Huggins coefficient contain contributions arising from the effect of preferential sorption on the viscosity of the mixed solvent surrounding the polymer molecules. These contributions become progressive…
A number of 2-fluorenyl 4′-alkylbenzoates and 4′-alkoxybenzoates have been synthesized to study the effects of the central ester linkage on their mesomorphic behavior. These compounds typically show nematic (N) and the uniaxial smectic phases. Many isomeric fluorene esters with reversed ester linkage were also prepare…
The author' work on preparing polyethers with reactive side chains is reviewed with emphasis on hydroxy polyethers. High molecular weight hydroxy polyethers were prepared by polymerizing epoxides containing a hydroxyl group protected with an appropriate group such as SiMe3 and then removing it by hydrolysis. Atactic a…
Abstract Dipiperidinosquaraine ( 9 ) crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pnab , with four molecules in a cell of dimensions a = 7.1798(9), b = 9.5362(8), and c = 18.788(2) Å. The molecule is located over a center of symmetry, so the four‐membered ring (C – C = 1.456(1) Å av) is exactly planar; the nit…
The simplified Conti and Tassinari model describing the kinetic mechanism of pilling was adopted for knitted wool fabrics, and the theory extended to compare the relative masses of pill able and nonpillable fiber being removed during the attrition process. Wool treated with potassium permanganate in saturated sodium s…
Thiol-containing antioxidants such as 4-(mercaptoacetamido)-diphenylamine (MADA) undergo ready addition of-SH groups to the double bonds in diene rubbers in the presence of initiators. The reaction is a radical chain process leading to rubbers with improved thermooxidative resistance. The modification reaction has bee…
Abstract A survey of transition phenomenology in amorphous entangled polymers is presented. Using a general scaling hypothesis characteristic lengths are systematically attached to the different zones of the multiple glass transition. New experimental results show the location of caloric spectra between the peaks of G…
Abstract In spite of the remarkable advances that have been made in the engineering design of tires during the past two decades, the basic formulations used in vulcanization and protection during service have essentially remained unchanged. This is to a large extent due to two major factors: 1. The versatility of the…
Serious production and quality problems occur from time to time in cotton processing as a result of fiber stickiness, which is related to an increase in the level of monosaccharides on cotton fibers, mainly fructose and glucose. Microbiological activity may alter this sugar level, both qualitatively and quantitatively…