Materials Literature
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Spin-ordered materials may exhibit a magnetic polarization which is proportional to an applied electric field and an electric polarization which is proportional to an applied magnetic field. In this paper a comprehensive discussion is given of the present knowledge of these magnetoelectric (ME) effects. The specific t…
Observations on low temperature mechanical twinning in Cu and Cu-Zn alloys are reported. The absence of indications of twinning on the stress-strain curves of crystals of 70:30 α-brass is discussed in relation to recent preliminary electron microscopy observations. The twinning data are consistent with the existence o…
Investigations on the effect of ionizing radiations on proteins have mainly been concerned with soluble proteins. Irradiation of these, either in solution or in the dry state, leads to aggregation and decreased solubility, and at the same time to fragmentation of the protein molecule (1-4). Little detailed information…
Abstract Systematic measurements of the thermal conductivity of plastics have been undertaken by various methods and checked against each other. Between −180 and +100°C. the thermal conductivity depends only slightly on the temperature. For instance, amorphous plastics and natural rubber show a break in the curve at t…
Abstract The equilibrium sorption isotherms of water in polyethylene terephthalate, ethyl cellulose, and rubber hydrochloride have been measured at 25°C. by means of the quartz helix technique. The permeability constants and the diffusion constants have been measured on the same polymers and on polyethylene and polypr…
Two effects of atmosphere on the sintering of alumina powder compacts were investigated. Changing the oxidizing conditions during early‐stage sintering measurements showed that, within the range −70°F dew point oxygen to −70°F hydrogen equilibrated with alumina, there was no observable effect on sintering rate. The ef…
Abstract The steady state diffusion of gases through capillaries or through the pores of a solid when the total pressure in the system is constant is considered. It is shown that the ratio of the molar diffusion rate of the lighter gas to that of the heavier gas must be equal to the square root of the ratio of the mol…
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Bei der Reduktion von Graphitoxyd in sehr verdünnter alkalischer Suspension entsteht extrem feinlamellarer Kohlenstoff. Die Bestimmung der Dicke der dünnsten Lamellen aus dem Kontrast im Elektronenmikroskop ergab, daß sie nur aus einigen wenigen, z. T. wahrscheinlich nur aus einer einzigen Kohlenstoff-Sechseckschicht…
The thermoelectric figure of merit (z), resistivity, and Seebeck coefficient have been measured between 20° and 300°K on single crystals of several alloys in the range from 1% to 40% antimony in bismuth. These materials are semimetals (0 to 5% antimony) or small energy gap intrinsic semiconductors (5 to 40% antimony)…
The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant of SrTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ have been obtained for the region 2.5 to 3000 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ from an analysis of the reflectivity. The imaginary part exhibits a very strong peak at 100 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ at room temperature which shift…
Magnetization and electrical resistivity measurements on an iron-rhodium alloy of approximate composition FeRh, having CsCl-type structure, confirm recent x-ray and neutron diffraction evidence for a first-order antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition at about 350°K. From 350°K down to 77°K, an essentially constant…
Abstract The elastic modulus of the crystalline regions in some oriented polymers was determined. An x‐ray diffractometer specially constructed for this purpose was used, and the lattice extension in the direction of the fiber axis was measured under application of a direct load. Usually a meridional reflection was us…
Abstract Conditions are recorded under which specimens of graphite deposited from pyrolysis of methane are found to incorporate large strain energy. Methods of relieving strains by annealing have been investigated. Recrystallization under suitable constraint can be made to yield graphite of high crystal perfection. Ob…
Orthogonal radial wave functions of first-row transition-metal atoms and ions for 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 2p, 3p, and 3d electrons have been constructed using a minimum set of normalized Slater-type functions. Special attention is given to the 3d orbitals, for which it is necessary to use the ``double-zeta'' form; i.e. two Sl…