Materials Literature
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Electron-beam deposition inside scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to prepare a new scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip [electron-beam deposited (EBD) tip] which has a submicron diameter and a long straight sidewall. An EBD tip as small as less than 0.1 μm in diameter can be formed with careful beam focusi…
The topological and chemical long range orders in the icosahedral Al 65Cu20Fe15 alloy have been studied by X-ray powder diffraction. The spectacular enhancement of the quasicrystal-line state by annealing of rapidly quenched samples have been quantitatively measured showing that the final annealed product fits the the…
The Ti-15-3 metal matrix composites containing silicon carbide (SCS6) fibers, in five different lay-ups, have been tested at room temperature to determine static strengths and mechanical properties. Experimental data and predicted values of the laminate properties and strengths showed good correlation. The off-axis la…
A thermodynamically stable quasicrystalline phase with an icosahedral structure was found to be formed at atomic compositions of Al70Pd20Mn10 and Al70Pd20Re10 in conventionally solidified and fully annealed states as well as in a rapidly solidified state. The substitution of Mn by Re leads to an increase in the intens…
The authors have studied the feasibility of using ferroelectric materials as the capacitor dielectric in the one-transistor memory cells for 64-Mb and 256-Mb DRAMs. They have performed an intensive literature search and analysis. They discuss the crystal structure of the materials reviewed, their hysteresis curve, tem…
The effect of Si addition on the nucleation and growth of the grain boundary cell in a Cu-10%Ni-8%Sn alloy on aging at 723 K after quenching from 1123 K were investigated by means of hardness measurements, optical and electron microscopic observations, and X-ray analysis. The addition of Si retarded the precipitation…
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of grain size and temperature on fracture toughness of MgO sintered bodies, Specimens were made by hot pressing, and a wide range of grain size (12-230μm) was obtained by annealing at high temperatures. Porosities of specimens were less than 1%. Fracture toughn…
The present study aims to assess whether the smectite‐rich Cochin and Mangalore clays, which were deposited in a marine medium and subsequently uplifted, exhibit consistency limits response typical of expanding lattice or nonexpanding (fixed) lattice‐type clays on artificially changing the chemical environment. The ch…
Thermophysical and kinetic properties of the LaNi5-H2 system are investigated for the practical utilization of hydriding alloys. The measurements of the thermophysical properties are carried out by a transient hot-wire method along the P-C isotherms. The effective thermal conductivities of the system increase not only…
The first magneto-optical study of the 4 A 2g → 2 T 2g absorption, 2 E g → 4 A 2g and 2 T 2g → 2 T 1g, 2 E g luminescences of MoCl3- 6 in Cs2NaYCl6, as well as the absorption spectrum of the spin-allowed 4 T 2g and 4 T 1g ligand field states, are reported. Magneto-optical methods have allowed difficulties in a previou…
Abstract This article describes the zinc and zinc alloys for decorative and functional applications. It focuses on the types of zinc coatings, namely, hot dip galvanizing, electrogalvanizing, metallizing, and mechanical galvanizing. The article covers the uses of zinc alloy castings, including pressure die castings, a…
About 60 years ago it was first realised that grain boundaries in crystalline solids were preferential pathways for diffusion, especially at relatively low temperatures. This paper traces the main developments in the field from its inception to the present day. Particular emphasis is placed on experimental methods and…
Single crystals of optical quality of LiNO 3 , NaNO 3 , KNO 3 , CsNO 3 , AgNO 3 and TlNO 3 have been grown from aqueous solutions. Their elastic and thermoelastic constants were determined from ultrasonic resonance frequencies of thick plates and from temperature-induced shifts of resonance frequencies. For NaNO 3 and…
A practical conversion factor to estimate the value of effective dose equivalent rate in Sv unit from absorbed dose rate in air in Gy unit was examined for natural gamma radiations. The experimental examination was carried out by two methods; one measures the effective dose equivalent rate directly by using a measurin…
Truss models have been developed and applied to the ultimate strength design and detailing of two‐dimensional reinforced concrete members loaded in their plane. Such a truss is composed of struts and ties which represent one‐dimensional stress fields. The nodes, however, form two‐dimensional stress fields whose bearin…
Our recent spin trapping studies of free radical generation by ultrasound in aqueous solutions are reviewed. The very high temperatures and pressures induced by acoustic cavitation in collapsing gas bubbles in aqueous solutions exposed to ultrasound lead to the thermal dissociation of water vapor into H atoms and OH r…
Abstract Small‐angle light scattering was employed as a nondestructive technique for the in situ observation of swelling of PVC particles during gelation and fusion. One typical plastisol grade of PVC and three different plasticizers were used. The results demonstrate that quantitative measurements of average PVC part…
El establecimiento de las características texturales de carbones es esencial para su utilización en procesos industriales. La evaluación de la textura porosa de carbones se suele realizar mediante adsorción de gases y vapores. Por esta razón, en este libro se pretende plantear las principales estrategias más generalme…
Novel stress transducers of simple construction are described, which can easily be formed into arrays with a great reduction in interconnections relative to discrete strain gauges. Their frequency response extends to DC, and the arrays lend themselves to measuring distribution of pressure or shear at interfaces betwee…
The proposed approach is based on the unique property that the ratio of the real to the imaginary parts of the susceptibility or of the polarization decrement are independent of frequency in the respective frequency ranges. The resulting energy criterion is discussed, and a screened polarization model and mechanical r…