On Conditions for the Vernal Blooming of Phytoplankton
H. U. Sverdrup; On Conditions for the Vernal Blooming of Phytoplankton, ICES Journal of Marine Science, Volume 18, Issue 3, 1 January 1953, Pages 287–295, https
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Thermionic constants of metals and semiconductors II. Metals of the first transition group
Abstract The method described in part I for the determination of the thermionic constants of graphite, which is based on finding the saturation vapour pressure of the electron gas in a graphite chamber at different known temperatures, and applying the well-known thermodynamic relation of Clausius and Clapeyron, can be…
The theory of the magnetic properties of rare earth salts: cerium ethyl sulphate
Abstract The theory of a Ce3+ ion in a crystal is considered as that of a free ion with a single 4f electron outside closed shells, and the effect of the surrounding lattice is included as a static crystalline electric field. The problem is solved when this field has C3k symmetry. It is possible that this theory will…
The anomalous skin effect
Abstract The anomalous skin effect arises in good conductors at low temperatures and high frequencies when the electronic mean free path becomes comparable with or greater than the classically calculated skin depth. Measurements have been made on a number of metals at frequencies of 1200 and 3600 Mc/s, and the form of…
The Stopping Power ofK-Electrons
The stopping power of $K$-shell electrons for large incident particle energies is calculated in this paper, adding to and correcting previous work on the subject. A definition is given for the average ionization potential of an atom independent of the energy of the incident particle. An integral representation is deri…
The semiconducting properties of cuprous oxide
Abstract A procedure has been developed for preparing reproducible specimens of cuprous oxide at the oxygen-poor limit of its composition range. The electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power of such specimens were measured simultaneously, and related to temperature within the range 20 to 1030° C. The conductivi…
Interaction of electrons with lattice vibrations
Abstract Using methods of modern field theories a canonical transformation of the Hamiltonian of free electrons in the field of the lattice vibrations is performed. This transformation takes account of the bulk of the interaction of the electrons with the vibrational field and leads to a renormalization of the velocit…
The Mechanism of the Ring Discharge in Negative Point-to-Plane Corona
Conditions favoring the formation of the ring discharge, and changes in the electrical characteristics which it brings about, are discussed. A theory is developed which seeks to explain the formation of the ring in terms of field distortion caused by negative space charges in the gap. This requires a change of view on…
Competition between skin follicles in sheep.
Samples of skin from three sheep (Ryeland, Lincoln, and Merino) were sectioned, and measurements made of the diameters and spatial relationships of the wool fibres. It has been shown that in all three samples a negative correlation occurred between the size of a fibre and the number, size, and distance of the fibres a…
Carbon Black Dispersion and Reinforcement
Abstract Different mixing conditions were employed to obtain vulcanizates, varying only in degree of carbon black dispersion, with natural and synthetic rubbers, using a single sample of a commercial grade HAF black. Light transmittance measurements on dilute solutions of dissolved unvulcanized stocks prepared by an i…
Lattice Constants and Dielectric Properties of Barium Titanate—Barium Stannate—Strontium Titanate Bodies
Lattice constants and temperatures corresponding to maximum dielectric permittivity were investigated for compositions in the barium titanate‐rich portion of the system barium titanate–barium stannate–strontium titanate. Substitution of tin for titanium increases the lattice constant at room temperature, and substitut…
On Longitudinal Plane Waves of Elastic-Plastic Strain in Solids
Abstract A theoretical description is given for the propagation of longitudinal plane waves of large lateral extent in solids, for waves of plastic as well as elastic strain. The importance of the hydrostatic compressibility in determining the nature of the waves is brought out. The results are illustrated by a comput…
Über weitere Fluoritphasen in den Mischoxyden Seltener Erden mit Uran. Untersuchungen der Systeme La2 O3, Nd2 O3, Sm2 O3, Yb2 O3, Sc2 O3 mit U3 O8
1 Im System Lanthanoxyd–Uranoxyd tritt eine Fluoritphase von 33–70 Mol-% LaO1,5 auf; die Gitterkonstante steigt dabei von 5,462 auf 5,543 kX für den Michkristall mit 68,0 Mol-% LaO1,5. Nach der an Lanthanoxyd reichen Seite tritt der C-Typ der Sesquioxyde auf, der durch die anomale Mischkristallbildung bis 1200° C best…
Electrical Resistance Measurements on Fibers and Fiber Assemblies
The resistance of single textile fibers and assemblies of these fibers has been studied because of its relation to the effects of static electricity in fibrous materials. An apparatus has been con structed to measure resistances of fibers and assemblies from 10 8 to 10 16 ohms at specified tem peratures and relative h…
Absolute Optical Absorption from Diffuse Reflectance
An equation relating the diffuse reflectance of crystalline powders to particle size, index of refraction, and absolute optical absorption coefficient is derived. Absorption spectra calculated by means of this equation from diffuse reflectance of KCl:Tl, KBr:Tl, and didymium glass are shown to be in satisfactory agree…
DEGENERATIVE PROCESSES IN A STRAIN OF CLOSTRIDIUM BUTYLICUM
The butyric acid forming bacteria, if continuously subcultured, undergo certain changes which affect morphological as well as physiological features. These changes were described as early as 1893 by Grimbert as degenerative changes of his cultures. Winogradsky (1902) found that his Clostridium pasteurianum ceased to f…
The Thermal Conductivity of some Polycrystalline Solids at Low Temperatures
The thermal conductivities of polycrystalline alumina, beryllia and graphite have been measured between 2° K and room temperature The first two are dielectric solids but, even in the graphite specimens, the electronic contribution to the heat conduction is very small It is shown that the phonon mean free path is limit…
The Experimental Determination of the Surface Tension of Magnesium Oxide
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Experimental Determination of the Surface Tension of Magnesium OxideGeorge Jura and Carl W. GarlandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 23, 6033–6034Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1952…
The Measurement of Self-Diffusion in Solid Polymers
The self-diffusion constant of the macromolecules in plasticized polystyrene and pure poly-n-butyl acrylate has been measured over a wide variety of conditions by a radioactive tracer technique. Well-characterized polymer fractions were used throughout. Simultaneous measurements of the bulk viscosity were also made. F…
Experimental Production of a Divergent Chain Reaction
Except for minor editorial revisions this paper is the reproduction of a report written for the Metallurgical Laboratory of the University of Chicago almost ten years ago, after the experimental production of a divergent chain reaction. This report has now been declassified and can be published. The present first part…