Materials Literature
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The dielectric strength of hexafluoropropylene has been investigated under breakdown and prebreakdown conditions in the pressure range from 0.07 to 2 bar. Breakdown voltages measured in a uniform field gap have been found to be in good agreement with intrinsic dielectric strength evaluated from measurements of net ion…
The Ni L 2,3 M 4,5 M 4,5 Auger spectra, the conduction band X-ray photoemission spectra and the Ni 2p 3/2 X-ray photoemission spectra have been measured for Ni, Ni 50 Zn 50 , Ni 20 Zn 80 and Ni 50 Al 50 . The shape of the L 3 M 4,5 M 4,5 Auger spectrum changes as the band structure of the alloy changes in a way which…
Technical Procedures for the Synthesis of Carotenoids and Related Compounds from 6‐Oxo‐isophorone. II. A Novel Concept for the Synthesis of (3 RS , 3′ RS )‐Astaxanthin Starting from 6‐oxo‐isophorone ( 2 ) a new concept for a seven‐step synthesis of (3 RS , 3′ RS )‐astaxanthin ( 1 ) has been developed. As a key feature…
An experimental small-angle x-ray scattering study of a phase-separating quasibinary glass ${\mathrm{B}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$-PbO(${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) is compared with the predictions of nonlinear theories for advanced stages of decomposition. The time evolution of the moments and the scaling of th…
Spin-polarized, energy-resolved photoemission using monochromatized synchrotron radiation shows that the 6-eV satellite of Ni is highly spin polarized near to the $3p\ensuremath{-}3d$ excitation threshold ($h\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\approx}65$ eV). This observation proves the validity of the model involving ${M}_{…
Three-dimensional bond orientational order is studied via computer simulations of 864 particles interacting through a Lennard-Jones pair potential. Long-range orientational fluctuations appear upon supercooling about ten percent below the equilibrium melting temperature. The fluctuations suggest a broken icosahedral s…
The acoustic emission released during the tensile testing of two structural steels (BS 4360 grades 50D and 50DM) and a series of Fe–C alloys (carbon contents in the range 0·1–1·3 wt-%) has been monitored using equipment with facilities for measuring the ringdown count, the event count, the rms voltage, and the amplitu…
5] should contain XN E in the denominator on the right side, not jcc u .On p. 1083, line 8, the value of the standard Gibbs energy of exchange is given incorrectly.The correct value of AG£, is -0.69 + 0.49 kJ mol" 1 .This Gibbs energy change applies to the reaction + Cu 2+ (aq) = C\iX 2 (s) + 2Na + (aq) , where X refe…
Steam generators for liquid-metal fast breeder reactors may be subject both to fretting wear as a result of flow-induced vibrations and to wear from larger amplitude sliding movements caused by thermal changes. Wear under these conditions is strongly adhesive so that in tests simulating the larger amplitude sliding of…
The major growth in the production of ferrite cores in recent years is due to a considerable increase in the use of switched-mode power supplies. After summarizing the main types of cores most utilised for this application, the author sets out the main characteristics generally required of ferrite materials. The main…
The magnetic domain structure and microstructure of several Co-Sm magnet alloys were examined by transmission electron microscopy. This study reveals that the investigated single-phase magnets exhibit a low defect density within the grains. The coercivity is determined by the nucleation of reverse domains at soft magn…
Magnetostrictive properties of individual grains have been measured by applying a semiconductor strain gauge to every grains in highly oriented 3% Si-Fe sheets with the inorganic surface coating. The magnetostrictive deformation of individual grains depends on the flux density in their locations and also their grain o…
In this paper, the three dimensional finite element method previously presented by these authors is applied here, for the first time, to laminated iron core devices with considerable magnetic saturation. This includes a practical form of anisotropy effects associated with magnetic nonlinearities in laminated cores. Th…
Mechanical stress has been applied to samples of grain-oriented 3% silicon-iron magnetized at various angles to the rolling direction. The angle between the magnetizing field, H, and the flux density, B, is known to vary considerably and when stress is applied either parallel or perpendicular to the rolling direction…
The effect of Co, Mn, Ti, and Al substitutions on two important microwave relaxation parameters, the spin-wave linewidth ΔHkand the high field effective linewidth ΔHeff, for lithium ferrite, Li0.5Fe2.5O4, has been examined. Cobalt tends to increase both linewidths, while Mn tends to decrease them. The quantitative dep…
The effect of pH and sulfide ions on the corrosion behavior of 1040 carbon steel in aqueous solutions was determined by potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The investigations were conducted in a pH range of 6 to 14 and sulfide ion concentrations between 1 to 10,000 mg/l. General corrosion rates were found to be h…
Anisotropic Mn-Al-C (Ni) magnets are potential substitutes for Alnico 5 and 8. The limited machinability of the alloy and the fact that it is cobalt-free made it particularly interesting. The low Curie point and the costly warm extrusion process needed for grain orientation are drawbacks. The objective of this study w…
Abstract Calcitic papermill lime‐sludge, a by‐product of the kraft paper process, was evaluated as a liming material and its equivalency with dolomitic agricultural limestone determined. An incubation study involving 10 medium‐ or light‐textured Wisconsin soils demonstrated that lime‐sludge neutralizes soil acidity ve…
The problem of diffraction from lossless reflection gratings is treated with a modal expansion formulation which incorporates an impedance condition on the mode eigenfunctions along the groove aperture. The theory for both fundamental polarizations is applied to three different grating profiles and is found to yield r…
Abstract Bruchmechanische Werkstoffkenngrößen von 17 Eisen‐Kohlenstoff‐Gußlegierungen der folgenden Sorten wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit bestimmt: Gußeisen mit Lamellengraphit, Gußeisen mit Kugelgraphit, Temperguß und Stahlguß. Die Geschwindigkeit des Ermüdungsrißwachstums, Δa/ΔN wurde in Luft und Vakuum in Abhäng…