Materials Literature
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Abstract The influence of the orientation with respect to the direction of stresses has been investigated over the temperature range 77 to 413 °K. At temperatures below 300 °K the limit of the proportionality of strain to stress and the rate of work‐hardening depend markedly on the orientation. At temperatures above 3…
Pyridine molecules form strong hydrogen bonds with pyridinium ions in the interlayer space of montmorillonite, causing a marked perturbation of vibrations involving the NH+ group. These vibrations are not perturbed by interlayer benzene. Water molecules directly co-ordinated to Ca2+ and Mg2+ form strong hydrogn bonds…
Compressive strength and instability failure mechanism in uniaxial boron fiber-metal matrix composite material
Article Physical and Chemical Properties of the Gelatinous Layer in Tension Wood Fibres of Aspen (Populus tremula L.) was published on January 1, 1966 in the journal Holzforschung (volume 20, issue 6).
The effect two‐dimensional pressure on the permittivity of fine‐ and coarse‐grained ceramic BaTiO 3 was investigated. It was shown that, unlike coarse‐grained (10° or above) barium titanate, the permittivity of the fine‐grained (1μ mean) material increased with the increase in two‐dimensional compression perpendicular…
In several previous papers [ 1, 2, 3 ], we presented some properly invariant nonlinear continuum theories of micro-elastic solids and micro-fluids in which the first stress moments, micro-stress averages and inertial spin play important roles. In the present paper we extend some of these ideas in the formulation of co…
In homogeneously ordered liquid crystals of the nematic type, two principal dielectric constants can be measured: ϵ1 parallel and ϵ2 perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the liquid crystal. The two dielectric constants may show a very different relaxation behavior. With alkoxy derivatives of azobenzene, only the norm…
The development of stress in evaporated dielectric and metal films, used as optical coatings, has been investigated experimentally by observing the bending of a thin silica strip as it becomes coated. The strip forms one mirror of a laser interferometer mounted within the coating chamber, giving high measurement sensi…
In previous papers1–5 the remarkable properties of a liquid birefringent phase that separates from certain solutions of polypeptides in organic solvents when a limiting concentration is exceeded have been described. This phase, first observed by Elliott and Ambrose1 in solutions of poly-γ-benzyl-L-glutamate (PBLG) sho…
-crystallographic axis in intercrossing branches is circa 80°. The possible origin of this unusual mode of twinning, which involves an 80° change in the orientation of the chain axes in offspring branches from that in parent branches, is briefly presented. The process of evolution of monoclinic polypropylene spherulit…
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Soap films can be subjected to compressive stresses exceeding 1 atm while their thickness is measured optically in an apparatus which is described in detail. It permits forming the film within a ring of porous porcelain whose pores communicate to the outside, whereas the film is in an enclosure in which the air pressu…
In 1889 Reinitzer,1 working with cholesteryl benzoate, discovered a state of matter that was later ter med cholesteric liquid crystals. It is doubtful whether the discovery of liquied crystals would have been made at that time if the optical properties of the cholesteric phase were less pronounced. Like other liquid c…
In Part I of this series the residual linewidths for vanadyl acetylacetonate in toluene were found to be proportional to (T/η), where η is the viscosity, and independent of applied field. Since the solutions are dilute, spin exchange is not important. The residual linewidth is attributed to a spin—rotational relaxatio…
Abstract Theoretical models for the ac and γ e relaxation effects found in chain‐folded polymer crystals (single crystal mats and bulk) are presented and compared with the available dielectric and mechanical loss data for polyethylene and polychlorotrifluoroethylene. Details of morphology and crystal structure that ca…
Thermal expansion is the change in shape and volume of a system due to a temperature change. For liquids, gases, and isotropic solids, thermal expansion is isotropic, involving only a change in volume and requiring, therefore, the measurement of a single parameter to uniquely specify the expansion. Crystalline solids…
Dans V3Si les atomes de vanadium sont disposés suivant des chaînes linéaires denses et on peut appliquer aux électrons d l'approximation des liaisons fortes à une dimension. On constate que l'énergie électronique ainsi calculée s'abaisse par déformation de la maille. Ceci peut constituer une explication, par un effet…
X-ray crystallographic data are of particular importance to the mineralogist. Beyond the considerations of structural chemistry, they provide one of the most accurate methods for phase and/or compositional determination and for obtaining the molar volumes and densities of minerals (Table 5-2). Selected data for approx…
The kinetics of the thermal decomposition of molten sodium nitrate have been studied as a function of temperature in the range 570–760°. The effect of replacing the air over the reactant by argon has been examined. From these measurements, it is concluded that atmospheric oxygen does not participate in the reaction an…
The existence of couple stresses acting on the surfaces of elastic continua together with the usual force stresses had been object of numerous fundamental papers [ 1 , 7–16 ]. For describing the complete deformation a geometrically independent rotation vector had been introduced besides the displacement vector. In thi…