Materials Literature
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The pores, or voids, in concrete consist of pores in the hardened cement paste, entrained or entrapped air voids, and voids in the pieces of aggregate. The porosity of the aggregate is treated extensively elsewhere in this volume. Other void spaces such as honeycombing, which is the result of gross failure properly to…
Abstract The energy shifts of X-ray excited Auger electrons and photoelectrons for zinc and magnesium in their metals, oxides, halides, and chelate compounds are analyzed in terms of the relaxation effect. Zn 2p3⁄2, 3d photoelectron, Zn L3M45M451G Auger electron, Mg 1s, 2p photoelectron and Mg KL23L231D Auger electron…
Dielectic properties of single crystals of Ni-, Fe-, and Zn-fluorosilicates have been studied from 100 to 270 K. In spite of the symmetry of the ions, NiSiF 6 · 6H 2 O shows sharp dielectric losses with activation energy E a = 6.8 kcal/mole. The loss frequencies are compared with SiF 6 -2 reorientation motion and H 2…
Abstract A new type of specimen for determining stress corrosion threshold stress is described. The specimen has a tapered gage length that provides longitudinal stress distribution with a maximum to minimum stress ratio of 1.85. After a constant load stress corrosion test, the surface of the specimen is inspected and…
Acinetobacter sp. 351 isolated from soil grows well on butadiene oligomers and degrades 30 percent of a commercial sample of liquid polybutadiene (cis-1, 4 type, Mn=650) in 3 days. From the gel permeation chromatography of the substrate after the degradation, the strain was shown to degrade butadiene oligomers with th…
In this work the peculiarities of ferroelectric phase transition in proustite at T = 28. 7 K, which is of the first order and is accompanied by the change of symmetry from 3m to 1, are examined.
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The effect of molybdenum addition on the SCC susceptibility of sensitized stainless steel in oxygenated high temperature water has been studied through the creviced bent beam SCC test (CBB test) and A262E intergranular corrosion test. The molybdenum addition improved the SCC susceptibility of sensitized stainless stee…
The first observation of the low lying B 2(LO), B 2-polariton, E(LO), and E(TO) modes in the paraelectric phase of KDP have been attained by the z(xy)z, z(xy)z+Δy, x(yz)zx, and z(xz)x Raman scattering spectra, respectively. The spectra of both B 2-modes have been explained by a single damped harmonic oscillator model.…
The reaction of alkaline solutions of Na2[WO4](ca. 10–3 mol dm–3) with acid has been studied by stopped-flow-spectrophotometric and indicator-spectrophotometric techniques. The formation of ‘acid paratungstate’, [H8W6O24]4–, has been detected. It is the most important of the transient intermediates formed ca. 500 ms a…
The heavier p block metal ions in their two oxidation states (upper state corresponding to the group number and the lower state two units less with the outer s2 electronic configuration) give rise to intense absorption in the ultraviolet region. Absorption by the upper state arises through an electron transfer mechani…
The complex cis-Fe(phen)2(NCBPh3)2(phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) exhibits synchronous spin- and stereo-isomerization in CH2Cl2, suggesting a previously unrecognized mechanism for spin-equilibria in octahedral complexes.
The influence of magnetic fields on ferroelectric phase transition parameters is considered in the framework of the vibronic microtheory and is shown to be essential larger than for ferroelectric semiconductors investigated earlier. Numerical estimates are given for doped SrTiO3.
Biurea decomposes in the temperature range 230–260° to yield gas, a white sublimate, and a viscous liquid residue. The gas is mainly ammonia (ca. 71%), but some carbon dioxide (ca. 17%) and nitrogen (ca. 12%) are also present. The main constituent of the sublimate is urea and that of the residue urazole. The products…
In the structure of [La(NO3)3(H2O)5]·H2O (determined by X-ray crystallography) the lanthanum atom is surrounded by three bidentate nitrate ligands and five water molecules; this result indicates a hitherto unknown co-ordination number of eleven for a trivalent lanthanoid.
The electrical transport properties of splat-cooled amorphous semiconductors In20Te80, Ga20Te80, and Ge15Te85 were investigated by measuring the thermoelectric power S and dc resistivity ρ between 140 and 300 °K. For as-quenched samples, both S and logρ show linear relationships with 1/T, indicating a p-type intrinsic…
Atmospheric pollution can be a serious problem for the insulators of outdoor e.h.v. substations, especially when situated near the coast, as it can lead to flashovers due to wet salt deposited as a result of storms. A method of maintaining such insulators in a condition to provide the required degree of security is th…
The structure of molten Na2WO4 has been investigated by the radial distribution function based on X-ray scattered intensity data collected at ≈ 760°C and has been analysed by the correlation method. WO4 tetrahedra existing in the crystalline state are shown to be preserved in the molten state. Various arrangements of…
Le système Cu/H3PO4 présente un comportement rythmique en liaison avec la zone d’instabilité située au début du palier de polissage. Le phénomène existe dans les conditions usuelles du polissage électrolytique du cuivre mais également lorsque certaines conditions expérimentales sont modifiées (concentrations, températ…
Polymethylene sulfides and related compounds possessing interesting properties are obtained when the highly reactive intermediate (2) (diradical or zwitterion?) arising from tetrameric thioformaldehyde (1) and boron trifluoride-diethyl ether is allowed to act upon trimeric thioformaldehyde, or substituted oligomeric t…