Materials Literature
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The morphology of horse shoe corrosion of copper and copper alloys in sea water cooled condensers in power stations is presented, and the mechanism of nucleation and of development of this type of corrosion is discussed. Horse shoe corrosion is the result of the formation of an active-passive cell: the pH of the sea w…
The variation of electrical resistivity of an insulator-conductor composite, namely, wax-graphite composite, with parameters such as volume fraction, grain size, and temperature has been studied. A model is proposed to explain the observed variations, which assumes that the texture of the composite consists of insulat…
The elastic and misfit strain in vapor-grown InGaP/GaAs crystals was determined by measuring the lattice parameter of the InGaP before and after removal of the GaAs substrate. The energy-band-gap shift as a function of strain was measured in a similar manner using photoluminescence. Up to 70% of the misfit strain was…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPorphyrins. 38. Redox potentials, charge transfer transitions, and emission of copper, silver, and gold complexesArtemis Antipas, David Dolphin, Martin Gouterman, and Eugene C. JohnsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 24, 7705–7709Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1…
Abstract The reactivity of seven phosphate rocks was estimated by five methods (neutral ammonium citrate first and second extractions, 2% citric acid, 2% formic acid, ammonium citrate pH 3, and absolute citrate solubility). These measurements were evaluated by crop response data obtained from a greenhouse experiment w…
Energy loss spectra of 80 keV electrons transmitted through thin films polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were measured with a resolution of 0.1 eV for energy losses from 1 to 300 eV. From the loss spectra, the dielectric response function of PMMA was obtained from 1 to 100 eV and compared with recent synchrotron radiation…
The structures of the bismuth oxides are discussed and evaluated. Calculated powder diffraction patterns were made for all reported phases with known crystal structures. Comparing the calculated and experimental patterns indicates that the α and β polymorphs are well characterized. All previous observations concerning…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Weight Distribution and Correlation between Chemical Composition and Molecular Weight in a High-Conversion Copolymer of Styrene-Methyl AcrylateShinya Teramachi, Akira Hasegawa, Makoto Akatsuka, Akira Yamashita, and Nobuhiro TakemotoCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 1…
The usefulness of Crewe's Z-contrast technique for the study of small catalyst particles in the scanning transmission electron microscope is investigated and discussed. By forming suitable combinations of the annular dark-field and energy-loss signals, structural details in platinum particles as small as 2 nm may be i…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExcluded-Volume Effects in Dilute Polymer Solutions. 7. Very High Molecular Weight Polystyrene in Benzene and CyclohexaneY. Miyaki, Y. Einaga, and H. FujitaCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 11, 6, 1180–1186Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published…
The Judd-Ofelt (JO) theory was applied to optical-absorption transitions in Nd+3 : YVO4 to obtain intensity parameters (Ω2=5.88×10−20 cm2; Ω4=4.08×10−20 cm2; Ω6=5.11×10−20 cm2) and the radiative lifetime (152 μs) and quantum efficiency (0.72) of the 4F3/2 state. The variations of the absorptions with respect to the op…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMixed valence interactions in di-.mu.-oxo bridged manganese complexes. Electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic susceptibility studiesStephen R. Cooper, G. Charles Dismukes, Melvin P. Klein, and Melvin CalvinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 23, 7248–7252Publicatio…
Abstract High‐pressure CO 2 sorption data in semicrystalline poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) are presented for temperatures ranging from 25 to 115°C. The results are described by Henry's law above the glass‐transition temperature of PET, while a dual‐mode sorption model comprised of a Henry's law and a Langmuir iso…
A phase diagram for all the possible collinear spin arrangements for ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ is derived within the atomic limit. Due to the fact that the ${a}_{1g}$ electrons of the V atoms form a diamagnetic bond for the vertical pairs of V atoms, the magnetic structure of ${\mathrm{V}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}…
An improved method of crystallographic structure refinement, especially suitable for large molecules, is described, it is based on simultaneous minimization of a realistic potential-energy function and a crystallographic residual. The method has already proved its worth in the final stages of refinement of two structu…
Although the problem of cellular proliferation may seem at first glance to be tremendously complex, the mechanisms which control it may be extremely simple. One of the primary factors which regulates the mitogenic response of a given cell type to a given class of mitogenic agents seems to be the cellular shape. We hav…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCompositional Variation of Glass-Transition Temperatures. 2. Application of the Thermodynamic Theory to Compatible Polymer BlendsP. R. CouchmanCite this: Macromolecules 1978, 11, 6, 1156–1161Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2…
Abstract Deformation processes in viscoelastic polymers are examined in terms of an energy balance involving work, strain energy, viscous dissipation and damage. The concepts of time dependent damage and reversible cracks are presented. The latter, while giving rise to novel mechanical behavior in viscoelastic materia…
Abstract A method is given for the determination of Clebsch‐Gordan coefficients of finite groups. The Clebsch‐Gordan coefficients may be arranged into vectors which are eigenvectors of certain projection matrices. It is shown how an appropriate set of orthonormal eigenvectors of these matrices may be obtained; this se…
Grain size‐microcracking trends are examined in the three pseudobrookite oxides MgTi 2 O 5 , Fe 2 TiO 5 , and Al 2 TiO 5 . These trends are toward smaller critical grain sizes, lower elastic moduli, and lower strengths with increased thermal expansion anisotropy. Extension of an energy criterion relates the micro‐crac…