Materials Literature
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The author calculates M 2,3 (3p) absorption spectra of the first-row transition-metal ions using a localized description for the 3d n to 3p 5 3d n+1 excitation that includes 3p and 3d spin-orbit interaction and octahedral crystal-field symmetry. Each electronic or spin configuration has a distinctly different spectrum…
A parameter-free approach to phase stability in Cu-Zn substitutional alloys is shown to describe order-disorder phenomena and structural transformations with remarkable accuracy. The method is based on a multiple-scattering description of the electronic structure properties of the random alloy. Configurational order i…
Epitaxial thin films of PbZrxTi(1−x)O3 (PZT) with 0≤x≤0.6 have been deposited in situ by pulsed laser deposition from stoichiometric targets onto 〈100〉 oriented single crystals of MgO and SrTiO3. Film composition was extremely sensitive to the substrate temperature and the oxygen deposition pressure. In a high (200–30…
Abstract Thermal conductivity of polyethylene composites, filled with randomly dispersed and disoriented (oriented at random) carbon fibers with various aspect ratios, were investigated. Orientation of fibers was quantitatively evaluated by Hermans' parameter. In specimens of isotropic composites, i.e., filled with ra…
Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) continues to be the only protein for which a detailed pathway of folding has been described. Previous studies led to the conclusion that nonnative states are well populated in the oxidative folding of BPTI. This conclusion has broadly influenced efforts to understand protein…
Ultrasonic irradiation of liquids causes acoustic cavitation: the formation, growth, and implosive collapse of bubbles. Bubble collapse during cavitation generates transient hot spots responsible for high-energy chemistry and emission of light. Determination of the temperatures reached in a cavitating bubble has remai…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” opt…
Magnetic and electric properties are studied of an organic ferromagnet of pyrolysed polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and of its composites with an epoxy which are of great interest for practical use. Possible models of the pyro-PAN ferromagnetic macromolecules are presented. Unusual magnetic properties of the composites obtain…
Volume diffusion of 14C in high purity α-Fe single crystals is measured in the wide temperature range of 1168 to 596 K applying the radiotracer technique and serial sectioning of the samples. In the temperature range in which the present tracer and previous Snoek-effect measurements overlap a good agreement is found b…
Abstract The Ruddlesden-Popper structural family is constructed from ordered intergrowths of rocksalt type (AX) layers with perovskite (ABX3) blocks of varying widths, yielding phases with the general formula nABX3 AX where 1 < n < ∞ In this article, the characterization of (CaxSr1-x)n+1TinO3n+1 layer pe…
High-resolution I 4d photoelectron spectra (total instrumental resolution 0.06 eV) of several iodine molecules, ICl, IBr, ${\mathrm{I}}_{2}$, and ${\mathrm{Ch}}_{2}$${\mathrm{I}}_{2}$, are reported. The inherent I 4d Lorentzian linewidths increase in the above order, due to the decrease in electronegativity of the moi…
Diamond films were deposited on the silicon wafer at as low a temperature as 135 °C by filament-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Silicon wafer substrate scratched with diamond powder was cooled by a stream of water flowing around a substrate holder. The films were identified as diamond by Raman spectroscopy. Clearl…
In this letter we report the first ever fabrication and characterization of reflective quarter wave filter stacks based on single-crystal GaN/AlxGa1−xN multilayers. The filters were designed for peak reflectivities at 400 and 450 nm. The designed epitaxial layers were deposited using a low-pressure metalorganic chemic…
The compressive deformation behavior of Nd2Fe14B single crystals at temperatures between 900 and 1100 °C has been investigated. Considerable ductility occurs only at temperatures above 1000 °C, suggesting that the plasticity of the Nd2Fe14B phase has very little effect on the formation of texture during die-upsetting…
Cobalt thin films were prepared by a low-temperature atmospheric-pressure chemical vapor deposition method. The raw material was cobaltous acetate which is nontoxic and easy to handle. At a reaction temperature of 300 °C, [111]-oriented polycrystalline films can be obtained on amorphous substrates. Increasing the H2 p…
Self-fracturing of solids during chemical transformations is considered, and a first quantitative model of this widespread phenomenon is proposed. The analysis begins by considering the equilibrium of a single crack, and proceeds with the behavior of an ensemble of cracks. This enables one to solve the ``selection pro…
The drag force (per unit length) acting on a steadily moving disclination line is calculated. The problem is formulated in two equivalent ways: One involving a linear partial differential equation but with ambiguous boundary conditions, and another involving a nonlinear equation but with uniquely defined boundary cond…
We have investigated both the structures and the excitation spectra produced by submonolayer adsorption of potassium on the surface of graphite at 90 K, using high-resolution low-energy electron diffraction in conjunction with high-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. We show that at very low coverages a disp…
Molecular beam mass spectrometry has been used to determine the concentrations of several free-radical and stable gaseous species in a hot-filament reactor under diamond-growth conditions. At a filament temperature of 2600 K, the H-atom concentration in the proximity of the growth surface was found to decrease with in…
We have measured the Compton-scattering cross section on hydrogen at 60\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 135\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} using monochromatic tagged photons spanning the energy between 32 and 72 MeV. These data, when analyzed with a low-energy expansion of the scattering cross-section formu…