Materials Literature
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We prepared discontinuous gold films by ultrahigh-vacuum deposition onto Corning 7059 glass substrates. Optical transmittance at normal incidence was recorded; an anomalous absorption band occurred in the visible range. We described the optical properties within the Maxwell Garnett formalism with proper account taken…
A new correction procedure for converting electron-probe microanalysis measurements into true weight concentration is proposed. It incorporates a new atomic number correction and an absorption correction based upon Bishop's model (1974). Unlike earlier treatments the model does not have to rely upon any empirical opti…
For oxygen adsorbed on a Cu(001) surface, the O $1s$ x-ray photoelectron intensity is found to exhibit a complex azimuthal anisotropy with an overall amplitude of \ensuremath{\sim} 26% for a grazing 10\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} angle of emission. No significant anisotropy is observed at 45\ifmmode^\circ\else\…
We show that a first-principles nonlocal pseudopotential theory, based on an all-electron density-functional formalism, provides an essentially exact topological separation of both the octet ${A}^{N}{B}^{8\ensuremath{-}N}$ structures and the suboctet ${A}^{N}{B}^{P\ensuremath{-}N}(3<~P<~6)$ structures for 77 and…
Water-soluble prepolymers of predominantly monomeric (Antiblaze 78) and dimeric (Antiblaze 77) chloroalkyl phosphonates and polyethylenimine (PEI) were prepared and applied to lightweight cotton containing fabrics These prepolymers imparted flame resistance to all-cotton fabrics and to a lesser degree to cotton poly e…
Abstract The K‐absorption spectra of zirconium are studied in the following substances: Zr, ZrO 2 , ZrC, ZrBr 4 , Zr(SO 4 ) 2 · 4 H 2 O, Zr(NO 3 ) 4 · 5 H 2 O, ZrOCl 2 · 8 H 2 O, and K 2 Zr(C 2 O 4 ) 3 . The fine structure within the main edge is discussed on the basis of band structure and is in general accordance wi…
Extending the temperature range of nematic liquid crystals is technologically important for the operation of electrooptic devices in environments where ambient temperatures vary widely. The expected lowest temperature limit (eutectic temperature) of eutectic-forming nematic mixtures is calculable from the equations of…
Abstract The naturally occurring cembrenoids (I, II, and III) were successfully synthesized, demonstrating unequivocally the assigned structure.
SUMMARY The method of calibration described in this paper depends on (1) bringing every specimen to the ‘eucentric point’ of a side‐entry goniometer stage to achieve a constant objective magnification, and (2) monitoring changes in the magnification of the projector lenses with a selected area (SA) aperture in the obj…
Abstract The effect of diffusion in the oxidative degradation of cis ‐1,4‐polyisoprene vulcanizates was estimated by the analysis of the transient state of diffusion and oxidative degradation. An expression for the number of network chain scissions was obtained by solving the diffusion equation, which takes into accou…
A method is proposed for determining volume ratios of domains in a poly-domain specimen of perovskite crystals with the space group I 4/ m c m ; the ratios are fundamental parameters in determining the crystal structure. The method is based on measuring relative intensities of triplets of Bragg reflexions with special…
The etching of gold films deposited on chromium adhesion layers in iodine solution creates cavities at the base of the films. These cavities or abnormal undercutting are revealed and studied by means of the scanning electron microscope. The abnormal undercutting causes the lifting of gold in the etching of high resolu…
The most important experimental differences between solid crystals and liquid crystals with three-dimensional order are suggested to be that liquid crystals with optically active molecules form twisted structures, whereas solid crystals do not, and that similar liquid crystal phases of different compounds mix in all p…
It is shown that the kinetic order n and the average soil-removal rate coefficient k of particulate soil detergency can be determined by measuring soil removal during a constant time interval Δ t as a function of soil content of the fabric. With iron oxide as the model soil on cotton poplin and polyester fabrics, the…
To study the effect of age on amino acid composition of human skin collagen, skins from 8 women aged 0 to 93 were extracted with acetone and EDTA and then gelatinized. Gelatin was purified by extraction with chloroform-methanol and DEAE cellulose chromatography. Hydroxyproline was spectrophotometrically determined and…
The nuclear quadrupole interaction at substitutional Ta atoms in the alloy system Hf x Zr 1-x has been investigated over the entire range of composition by time differential perturbed angular correlations (TDPAC). Source configurations investigated include oriented and randomised single crystals as well as textured, c…
The angular dependence of light scattering in nematic-cholesteric mixtures with positive dielectric anisotropy was measured; the quiescent transparent satate S , the focal-conic state F , the storage focal-conic state F 0 , and the field-induced nematic state H were investigated. The F 0 state showed Bragg scattering…
The existence of a siqnificant exponentially decaying dc transient in the primary current of a conventional current transformer leads to large transient values of core flux. Protective scheme design is therefore subjected to constraints, either that ct saturation be tolerated or that larger ct's incapable of saturatio…
Abstract Heat effects and structural transformations in amorphous crystallizable poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) during uniaxial stretching accompanied by neck formation, have been investigated by calorimetric and x‐ray methods over a wide range of temperatures and deformation rates. At small deformation (not excee…
Abstract Sample‐charging phenomena arising in the ESCA experiment have been investigated for a series of polymers. For samples studied as films or powders mounted insulated from the spectrometer probe and for gold under similar conditions it is shown that over a wide range of operating conditions, equilibrium charging…