Materials Literature
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An electromagnetic theory for the light absorption by a cluster of metal spheres and the Raman scattering by a molecule adsorbed on it is presented, which takes into account the retardation effect exactly and is applicable to an arbitrary cluster size. The theory is applied to a two-sphere cluster of Ag and Au. It is…
Ferroelectric films of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) have been fabricated by rf planar magnetron sputtering. Films having a resistivity >106 Ω cm and a dielectric constant >800 at 300 K have been achieved using 100% oxygen as a sputtering medium, 10% excess PbO added to the target, and appropriate post-d…
Abstract The results of this work suggest a practical route to hot-oil-resistant thermoplastic elastomers based on NBR and a polyolefin resin (such as polypropylene). Although these two types of polymer are normally grossly incompatible with each other, a melt-mixed blend thereof is technologically improved by the pre…
Evaluation of the velocity and stress time correlation functions of a liquid, using a simple but speculative model for liquid state dynamics, leads to a relation between self-diffusion and viscosity. The result resembles the Stokes–Einstein formula, and agrees reasonably well with experimental data.
The microzonation of photosynthetic organisms in four cyanobacterial mats of Solar Lake, Sinai, was studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. The zonation was compared to the distribution of photosynthesis and of O 2 , H 2 S, and pH. Microelectrodes were used to measure the chemical gradients as well as the p…
The Euclidean normalizers of space groups form the appropriate mathematical tool for several problems treated independently by crystallographers in the past, e.g. the comparison, the classification and the standardized description of crystal structures. Explicit tables are presented that enable the user to handle Eucl…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of [7]circuleneKoji Yamamoto, Tadashi Harada, Masao Nakazaki, Takuo Naka, Yasushi Kai, Shigeharu Harada, and Nobutami KasaiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 24, 7171–7172Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Publish…
Neutron diffraction study on the layer compounds MnPS 3 and FePS 3 reveals a collinear antiferromagnetic order, respectively, below T N =78 K and 120 K with the corresponding wave vectors k =[000] and [\(00\frac{1}{2}\)], the magnetic moments pointing to the direction perpendicular to the layer planes for both cases.…
Thin-film gradient-index profiles have been analyzed and new profiles have been synthesized for broadband antireflection coatings on dielectric surfaces. It is shown that the control of the index gradient as a design parameter can significantly enhance the performance of interference coatings.
The surface treatment of polystyrene, which is required to make polystyrene suitable for cell adhesion and spreading, was investigated. Examination of surfaces treated with sulfuric acid or various oxidizing agents using (a) x-ray photoelectron and attenuated total reflection spectroscopy and (b) measurement of surfac…
Influences of particle size on surface-enhancement processes are discussed in terms of a simple physical model. When the size of a silver sphere is increased, the magnitude of the enhancement exhibits a slight increase followed by a strong decrease. Simultaneously the plasmon resonance is shifted and severely broadene…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoluminescence and photoinduced oxygen adsorption of colloidal zinc sulfide dispersionsWilliam G. Becker and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1983, 87, 24, 4888–4893Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inis…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilafunctional compounds in organic synthesis. Part 20. Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of the silicon-carbon bond in organoalkoxysilanesKohei Tamao, Neyoshi Ishida, Tatsu Tanaka, and Makoto KumadaCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 11, 1694–1696Publication Date (Print):November…
The fundamental equation of electrostatics, i.e. the integral equation for the polarization of a macroscopic dielectric in an arbitrary external field, is written in a form that allows explicit inclusion of the toroidal boundary conditions as well as the cutoff of dipolar interactions often used in the computer simula…
This paper surveys experimental results concerned with secondary electron emission of surfaces bombarded by primary electrons with respect to scanning electron microscopy. The energy distribution, the angular distribution, and the yield of secondary electrons from metals and insulators are reviewed as well as the esca…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A combustion engine of a given displacement will develop less power when running on hydrogen compared to gasoline or natural gas operation due to less heating value of the fuel air mixture in the combustion chamber. This drop in output exists for external mixing of hydrogen and ai…
It is pointed out that the stress relaxation time that determines viscosity is partly controlled by the viscosity itself via diffusional structural relaxation. This feedback may make the viscosity of a simple liquid without localised defects diverge at some finite temperature. The feedback is mediated by atomic-scale-…
The nature of the carbon deposits formed on an alumina-supported nickel catalyst have been characterized by their reactivity with H 2 and H 2 O during temperature-programmed surface reaction (TPSR). Carbon deposits formed by exposure to hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide exhibit, depending primarily on the temperature d…
By an alkaline alcoholic hydrolysis, the thyroid proteins are broken into many simpler constituents. These may be separated into two groups: the acid insoluble compounds are designated Group A; those acid soluble, Group B. From Group A a pure crystalline compound, containing 60 per cent of iodin, has been isolated. It…
A cluster expansion of an order parameter distribution function is introduced into the recent theory of crystallization of classical fluids. This allows us to demonstrate the purely geometric origin of the empirical Hansen-Verlet rule of crystallization (max. S(k) ⋍ 2·85 or c(k ⋍ 0·65 with S(k) = (1 - c(k)-1). Using m…