Materials Literature
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInternal model control. 2. Design procedure for multivariable systemsCarlos E. Garcia and Manfred MorariCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1985, 24, 2, 472–484Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 Ap…
Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) [PEC], a biodegradable aliphatic polyester, undergoes a two-stage degradation process: The first lengthy phase involves nonenzymatic hydrolytic cleavage of ester groups, the second phase beginning when the polymer is more highly crystalline, and of low molecular weight. The cellular events o…
Abstract The apparent viscosity of foam flowing through smooth capillaries was measured experimentally, and a mathematical model was developed. Foam texture (a measure of bubble volume) is a key parameter in determining the following properties of foam flowing through a capillary: (1) whether the foam exists as bulk f…
Anodic growth of polyaniline films on a Au microelectrode array has been carried out to add to the characterization of polyaniline and to fabricate polyaniline-based microelectronic devices, diodes and transistors, that function when the polyaniline-functionalized microelectrode array is immersed in an electrolyte sol…
乗用車用懸架ばねの高応力化指向, 弁ばねのパワーアップ指向は, 両者の要求レベルに差はあるとはいえ, いずれも耐久性の向上が共通した目標である. これを達成するには, 素材であるばね鋼の超清浄鋼化が1つの有力な手段であると考えられる.そこで, 低コスト・大量生産を前提とした脱ガス法を一般ばね鋼に適用して超清浄鋼を製造し, 懸架ばね用あるいは弁ばね用素材としての特性を検討した. その結果,(1) 200kgf/mm2級高強度懸架ばね用材料として, 酸素レベルを15ppm以下に下げたULO鋼が1つの有効な手段であるとの見通しを得た.(2) 低酸素化 (ULO) および低TiN化 (UL・TiN) 処理を適用したULO+UL・TiN鋼は…
Block copolymers represent an important class of multi-phase material, which have received very widespread attention, particularly since their successful commercial development in the mid-1960s. Much of the interest in these polymers has arisen because of their rather remarkable micro phase morphology and, hence, they…
The 'plate domain' structure in an Fe(5% Si) bar crystal with Neel orientation (bar axis (110); side faces (110) and (001)) is scanned by perpendicular transmission with polarised neutrons ( lambda >or=0.4 nm) and subsequent three-dimensional polarisation analysis, using a 80 mu m slit. The domains magnetised parallel…
The short-term, seasonal input of ground water to a small, precipitation-dominated oligotrophic lake in northern Wisconsin amounts to less than 10 percent of the annual water budget of the lake but accounts for nearly all the external silica loading. Silica is a necessary nutrient for diatoms. A large spring diatom bl…
Nature and Stability of Some Metallic Complexes of Dinucleating Cryptands in Solution. I. A Polyazapolyoxa Cylindrical Macrotricycle and its Monocyclic Subunit pH‐metry and UV spectrophotometry were used to study the complexing properties of the cylindrical macrotricycle, 1,7,13,19‐tetraaza‐4,16‐dioxa‐10,22,27,32‐tetr…
Abstract Water exchange on hexaaquavanadium (III) has been studied as a function of temperature (255 to 413 K) and pressure (up to 250 MPa, at several temperatures) by 17 O‐NMR spectroscopy at 8.13 and 27.11 MHz. The samples contained V 3+ (0.30–1.53 m), H + (0.19–2.25 m) and 17 O‐enriched (10–20%) H 2 O. The trifluor…
Abstract Additions of silicon to iron-base alloys have, in certain cases, produced significant improvements in resistance to general corrosion in a variety of acids, to chloride pitting resistance and to chloride stress corrosion cracking. The largest effect is produced by addition of 14.5% Si to iron, which make this…
Collagen from bone, dentine and tendon (type I), all of which contain the pyridinoline cross-link at varying levels, were each digested with CNBr. The resulting peptide mixtures were resolved by gel filtration on A1.5m agarose and assayed for pyridinoline. The polymeric cross-linked peptide complex, poly alpha 1CB6 [(…
We have measured accurate x-ray crystallographic data from the InSb(111)2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2 reconstructed surface using synchrotron radiation from the DORIS storage ring at DESY. We have analyzed these independently of all models and find a structure with seven atoms in the unit cell, implying that on…
The temperature dependence of the infrared reflectivity spectra of NaNO 2 is reported for the ferroelectric and paraelectric phases, over a wide temperature range (10-500K). Reflectivity spectra from 5 to 600 cm -1 have been fitted with a model of the factorised form of the dielectric function including the relaxation…
The band structures of the layer compounds 1T-TiS 2 and 1T-TiSe 2 have been calculated within the local-density approximation using the self-consistent LAPW method. Both compounds are found to be semimetals with Gamma -L overlaps of 0.24 and 0.55 eV, respectively. The positioning and occupation of the bands near the F…
A striking nonlinear transport behavior has been observed in the recently discovered high-magnetic-field phase of graphite. The phenomenon is reminiscent of the collective charge-density-wave transport observed in some classes of linear-chain compounds such as Nb${\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$. This supports our identification of…
X-ray, calorimetric, and Raman studies show definitely that black hexagonal TlInS2-III is stable from 20 to 785 K, whereas the yellow monoclinic TlInS2-I exists as solid at temperatures from 785 K to the melting point (1050 ± 5 K). Yellow TlInS2-I can be obtained in a metastable state also at room temperature and is t…
The temperature dependence of the luminescence of natural quartz induced by X-rays between 80 and 800 K is investigated. Using afterglow investigations, the temperature dependence of the low temperature luminescence is chiefly given by an activator level lying 60 meV above the valence band and on the other hand by non…
By means of PWM-fitted screened Rutherford scattering, core ionization, and dielectric losses the scattering of electrons especially in Si-targets but also in Au, SiO2, and PMMA is investigated with regard to electron spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and lithography. The behaviour of the electron backscatte…
Optical and photosensitive properties of Ag4P2O7 single crystals have been studied. The measured band gap is 3.4 eV and the transition is thought to be indirect. Ag4P2O7 single crystals show photochromism. An absorption band centered at 500 nm is induced by near-ultraviolet light irradiation, and transmission can be r…