Materials Literature
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Isolated air crazes have been produced in thin films of polystyrene (PS) bonded to copper grids by straining these in tension. The craze thickness profile, r(x), was directly determined from a series of transmission electron micrographs taken along the craze. Local values of the craze fibril volume fraction v 1 and fi…
Abstract The crystal structure of a synthetic boehmite sample has been refined to an R of 0.047 in the space group Amam from X-ray powder diffraction data. Inclusion of hydrogen atoms and/or refinement in the space group A2 1 am gave poorer results. Cell dimensions were determined as a = 3.6936 (± 0.0003), b = 12.214…
We have grown and measured the optical second-harmonic coefficient dijk of the new nonlinear crystal 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA). We find that the dijk are very large with d12 being 5.8 times larger than d31 of LiNbO3 giving a birefringence phase-matching figure of merit d2/n3 which is 45 times larger than LiNbO3. T…
A theory is presented which quantitatively accounts for the important features of conduction in ZnO-based metal-oxide varistors. This theory has no adjustable parameters. Using the known values of the ZnO band gap, donor concentration n0, and low-voltage varistor leakage-current activation energy, we predict a varisto…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo-dimensional chemical state plots: a standardized data set for use in identifying chemical states by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopyC. D. Wagner, L. H. Gale, and R. H. RaymondCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 4, 466–482Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication His…
Fixation - Washing, Dehydration and Embedding - Sectioning - Staining - Support Films - Cryofixation - Negative Staining - References - Index
The dielectric constants ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{〈110〉}$ and their change with uniaxial $〈1\overline{1}0〉$ stress in monodomain $〈001〉$SrTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ samples have been measured as a function of temperature. Between 4 K and 0.3 K these quantities are independent of temperature. In one sample $\ensuremath{\eps…
The Fermi gas model of one-dimensional conductors is reviewed. The exact solutions known for particular values of the coupling constants in a single chain problem (Tomonaga model, Luther-Emery model) are discussed. Renormalization group arguments are used to extend these solutions to arbitrary values of the couplings.…
Abstract The monomer sequence CF 2 CF(CF 3 )CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF(CF 3 ) has been identified by 19 FNMR as the selectively base‐sensitive site of poly(vinylidene fluoride/hexafluoropropylene). Similar studies of other vinylidene fluoride (VF 2 ) copolymers with either tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) or perfluoro(methyl vinyl et…
A Raman study of the three-solid-state phase transitions in diamantane is presented. The low-temperature transition at T c1 =35K is characterised by a zone-centre soft librational mode; this mode has been fitted to a damped harmonic oscillator function, and the damping and static susceptibility of the soft mode obtain…
The room-temperature direct allowed energy gap E g =3.425 eV was obtained for single crystals of GeS 2 which have an orthorhombic structure. The far-infrared transmission spectrum was measured with unpolarised light in the range of 100-250 cm -1 . The reflectivity spectrum was obtained, also with unpolarised light, in…
The following investigation concerns the identification of mechanisms responsible for the blue emission obtained with bismuth-doped lanthanum phosphate LaPO 4 (Bi). Observations of absorption, excitation and fluorescence spectra, together with measurements of the decay time from liquid He up to room temperature are pr…
A set of total cross sections for scattering of electrons by Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe has been evaluated over the energy range of about 20 to 3000 eV by means of the analysis of experiments and theories on total cross sections for elastic scattering, ionisation and excitation, and on differential cross sections for elastic a…
The reflectivity of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) has been measured in the spectral energy range between 0.03 and 12 eV. The optical constants have been determined by means of a Kramers-Kronig analysis. The interband transition spectrum can be interpreted by O 2p to Fe4s transitions and be Fe3d n to 3d n-1 4s orbital promotio…
The effect of neurophysin-hormone interaction on the environment of the single tyrosine of bovine neurophysin (Tyr-49) and on that of the tyrosine of oxytocin and vasopressin was studied by fluorescence; tyrosine-free peptides were used to determine effects on Tyr-49, and acetylated neurophysin was used to determine e…
Abstract With published and estimated entropies and enthalpies of formation, we have estimated free energies of formation of schuetteite (Hg 3 O 2 SO 4 ) and corderoite (Hg 3 S 2 Cl 2 ) at 298°K. These estimates were compared with others based on the solubility of schuetteite and conditions of vapor phase synthesis of…
X-ray-scattering investigation of stoichiometric silver $\ensuremath{\beta}$-alumina reveals a clear phase transition between the high-temperature conducting-ions quasiliquid sublattice, and a lowtemperature crystalline state. Preliminary, structural analysis of the low-temperature crystalline order confirms the type…
Abstract The computer program GEOCHEM is adapted and being developed for soil solutions from the REDEQL2 program originally created by Morel and Morgan at Caltech. GEOCHEM differs from REDEQL2 in its inclusion of 1) data for a few hundred additional soluble complexes and solids that are relevant to trace metal studies…
Abstract Kinetic results of published laboratory studies of calcite dissolution and precipitation in the system CaO-MgO-Na 2 O-K 2 O-CO 2 -H 2 SO 4 - HCl-H 2 O are used to test the surface mechanism model of Plummer, Wigley, and Parkhurst (1978; Amer. Jour. Sci. 278, 179-216). This mechanism model includes: 1) three s…
The dependence of the spreading process of extrinsic grain boundary dislocations (EGBD's) on grain boundary state and misorientation, and spreading kinetics in austenitic steel is investigated. Spreading of EGBD's at non-equilibrium grain boundaries obtained by successive cold rolling and annealing treatments at a tem…