Materials Literature
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Abstract Chloride-, sulfate-, and perchlorate-exchanged forms of hydrotalcite have been prepared and their layer spacings determined after equilibration in hydrous atmospheres and after heat-treatments up to the temperature of decomposition in the range 300–400°C. The initial carbonate form of hydrotalcite and also br…
A simple analytical method is put forward in this paper, enabling one to extract quantitative information about an arbitrary energetic distribution of traps for current carriers from a single experimental space-charge-limited current-voltage characteristic. The applicability of the method is illustrated with computer-…
Abstract The thermal decomposition products that evolve from poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly(vinylbromide) (PVB), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and poly(vinylacetate) (PVAc) were analyzed by direct pyrolysis in the ion source of a mass spectrometer (MS). Our results indicate that in both stages of the decomposition proc…
It is shown that the energy of electronic minority charge carriers injected into an electrolyte from an illuminated semiconductor electrode may be significantly greater than that predicted by previous models. The time constants for tunneling from the semiconductor states in the depletion region are evaluated by two me…
The use of a single extraction with dilute unbuffered silver-thiourea (AgTU) solution (0.01 M Ag+) for measuring exchangeable cations and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils was compared with the conventional effective CEC method, which used N NH4OAc displacement for exchangeable “bases” (Ca, Mg, K, Na) and N…
Abstract Experiments providing multi‐point data on electron mean free paths vs. energy in pure materials have been reviewed for energies from 150 to 4000 eV. With the assumption that the simple equation λ= k E m can approximate the data, one obtains values of m between 0.53 and 0.80. Observations by ESCA of widely spa…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical kinetics of salicylidenanilineP. F. Barbara, P. M. Rentzepis, and L. E. BrusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 8, 2786–2791Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.or…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon-13 NMR spectra of cellulose polymorphsR. H. Atalla, J. C. Gast, D. W. Sindorf, V. J. Bartuska, and G. E. MacielCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 9, 3249–3251Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 A…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTViscous liquids and the glass transition. 9. Nonconfigurational contributions to the excess entropy of disordered phasesP. D. Gujrati and Martin GoldsteinCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1980, 84, 8, 859–863Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1…
Phase relations in the systems PbS-Sb 2 S 3 -Bi 2 S 3 and PbS-FeS-Sb 2 S 3 -Bi 2 S 3 were studied using evacuated capsule technique, X-ray powder diffraction, reflected light microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis. Seven new phases found in the systems are designated as phases C, K-K Fe , X, Y-Y Fe , Z, W, and R…
From an investigation of the behavior of the momentum distribution function of electrons or holes under scattering rate and momentum scaling transformations, a number of interesting results are derived concerning the parameterization of drift-velocity–vs–electric-field relations in terms of mobility and saturation vel…
The subject of gradient-index optics dates from the 1850s. However, only in the last 10 years has it been possible to design lenses, manufacture materials, measure the properties, and fabricate finished lens elements. The current status of gradient-index optics is reviewed.
The kinetics of growth for chemical deposition of CdS films from alkaline solutions of cadmium salts has been studied with respect to temperature of deposition and the relative concentrations of the various reactants in the solution. It has been established that the growth of the film takes place either by ion‐by‐ion…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNeutron diffraction study of Prussian Blue, Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3.xH2O. Location of water molecules and long-range magnetic orderF. Herren, P. Fischer, A. Ludi, and W. HaelgCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 4, 956–959Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Publishe…
Bragg diffraction of visible and near-ultraviolet light in the blue phase of a cholesteric liquid crystal have been observed. It is found that there are two distinct blue phases: One is stable from about 0.5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C below the clearing point to about 0.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C b…
The theory of the acoustic Faraday and Cotton-Mouton effects in Ni2+-doped KMgF3 is presented. These effects occur when degenerate transverse acoustic phonons are propagating respectively parallel and perpendicular to an applied magnetic field. At a frequency of 9.4 GHz and a magnetic field of 4.4 kG the Faraday rotat…
The polarisation properties of the optical absorption and luminescence bands of a defect centre in fast neutron- and proton-irradiated alpha -Al 2 O 3 have been studied at low temperatures. The centre has an absorption band at 358 nm and a mirror image emission band at 379 nm. Both bands show resolved vibronic structu…
Abstract Neue cyclische und offenkettige Neutralligandsysteme wurden dargestellt. Sie enthalten sich wiederholende Oligoethylenglykolether‐ und Carbonsäureamidfunktionen, die anziehende Wechselwirkungen einzelner Kettensegmente und zwischen endständigen Gruppen gestatten. Kristalline Komplexe mit Alkali‐ und Erdalkali…
Prolonged exposure to strongly absorbed light induces a large density of metastable defects in chalcogenide glasses. Observed properties of the new defects include light-in-duced ESR, extrinsic absorption below the band-gap energy and nonradiative recombination. The defect creation apparently underlies the well-known…
Intensive research in the last decade has revealed a wealth of detail on the mechanism of biosynthesis, molecular structure, and covalent cross-linking of collagen. Tissues of higher animals express a family of at least five genetically distinct types of collagen molecule, each apparently tailored for different constr…