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It is shown that the above transition can be repressed (metastably) by using in place of pure ammonium nitrate a solid solution of potassium nitrate in ammonium nitrate. With such a solid solution containing 8 to 10% potassium nitrate, the temperature of the transition III → IV is depressed to about −20 °C. Such solid…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reduction of Pentaerythrityl Tetrabromide in Ethanol with Zinc. Isolation of SpiropentaneVernon A. SlabeyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 7, 1335–1336Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1946htt…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquilibrium of Iron-Carbon Alloys with Mixtures of CO-CO2 and CH4-H2Rodney P. SmithCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 7, 1163–1175Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1…
Abstract Cellulose is probably the most abundant organic compound occurring in nature, where it plays an all-important role in building up the skeletal framework of the plant cell wall. The accepted molecular structure of cellulose represented as repeating units of cellobiose was derived by chemical methods which I ha…
Abstract Several pure metals were subjected to cyclic thermal treatment between 30 and 150° C. Specimens of zinc, cadmium and tin showed signs of plastic deformation which were evident after a small number of cycles, and which became more pronounced as the number of cycles increased. On the other hand, the phenomenon…
ABSTRACT A general procedure (based on previously published equations and constants) is outlined for the production of a chart showing the relationship between refractive index, Abbe value, and composition for ternary silicate glass systems. As an example, such a chart is presented for the Na 2 O–CaO–SiO 2 system.
Abstract The degradation of rubber observed during various technological processes may arise from several different causes. Since one such contributory factor is possibly degradation by a purely thermal mechanism, it is of interest to estimate experimentally the importance of this type of degradation under the tempera…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorocarbon BromidesT. J. Brice, W. H. Pearlson, and J. H. SimonsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 6, 968–969Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1946https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01210a017http…
Summary. Melting point in human fats varied between 41° C and 0.5°C. The largest variations in the individual person was about 30° C. The melting point of visceral fat was 30° C–35° C. In the more peripheric parts the melting points were lower. At the foot melting points of from 0° C–10° C were often found, in 11 out…
The origin of distortion in electron microscope projection lenses is discussed and the serious nature of its effect on the measurement of particle size distributions is pointed out. Methods of measuring distortion are described. By means of first-order theory it is shown to be possible to correct distortion by the use…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-Temperature Heat Contents of the Metatitanates of Calcium, Iron and Magnesium1B. F. Naylor and O. A. CookCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 6, 1003–1005Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1946ht…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Configuration of Sulfoxides. Mixed Crystals of Sulfoxides with SulfonesHeinrich Rheinboldt and Ernesto GiesbrechtCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 6, 973–978Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1946Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1…
This paper presents the melting relations for the entire system sulfursilver, together with a study of the transition behavior of silver sulfide. Silver sulfide melts at 838±2°C and undergoes two transitions in the solid state, each of which occurs at variable temperatures over a limited range of composition. The mean…
A method has been established for the measurement of the viscosity of high polymers at low rates of shear in the range 104 to 109 poises using a parallel plate plastometer. This is based on a mathematical criterion for separating the viscous portion of the deformation from the ``elastic'' and ``delayed elastic'' compo…
Abstract It is well known that calcium sulphate plaster products deteriorate under persistent damp conditions. This paper deals with the quantitative measurement or the effect of water on strength when present in amounts varying from the small amounts picked up from a damp atmosphere to full saturation. The effects ar…
Abstract A micromethod is described for density determinations of artificial cellulose fibers by the floating method, in carbon tetrachloride in a dry and air‐free atmosphere, permitting an accuracy of one part per thousand. The density is derived from the temperature at which the samples neither sink nor float. This…
The crystallization and melting of unvulcanized natural rubber in the unstretched state have been investigated at different temperatures. Change of volume has been used as a quantitative measure of the extent of crystallization, and mercury-filled dilatometers containing the rubber have been used for the volume measur…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuaternary Ammonium Salts as Germicides. I. Non-acylated Quaternary Ammonium Salts Derived from Aliphatic Amines1R. S. Shelton, M. G. van Campen, C. H. Tilford, H. C. Lang, L. Nisonger, F. J. Bandelin, and H. L. RubenkoenigCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1946, 68, 5, 753–755Pub…
A molecular theory is developed to describe quantitatively the permanent set taking place in thin samples of vulcanized natural and synthetic rubbers held at constant extension at elevated temperatures. Permanent set is considered to be the result of the formation, through the action of molecular scission and cross-li…
Abstract In order to establish the conditions under which the buffering of insoluble substance may most usefully be studied, suspensions of fibre cellulose, hemicellulose and xylan have been examined to determine the relationship between pH and the degree of dissociation of their carboxyl groups. The materials were su…