Materials Literature
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ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Rate Study of the Silanol Condensation Reaction at 25° in Alcoholic Solvents1W. T. GrubbCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 13, 3408–3414Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1954https://pubs.acs.org/…
A study is made of the cascade process which describes the diffusion, energy loss, and multiplication of secondary electrons within a metal. The secondaries interact mainly with conduction electrons through a screened Coulomb potential. For low secondary energy (50 ev) the resultant scattering is nearly spherically sy…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeats of Formation of Nickel and Cobalt Oxides (NiO and CoO) of Combustion CalorimetryB. J. Boyle, E. G. King, and K. C. ConwayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 14, 3835–3837Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published ini…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Constitution of Gelatin. Separation and Estimation of Peptides in Partial HydrolysatesW. A. Schroeder, Lois M. Kay, Joann LeGette, Lewis Honnen, and F. Charlotte GreenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 13, 3556–3564Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1954Publication His…
This paper concerns an empirical linear relationship between the melting temperature T1 and the second-order or glassy transition temperature T2 for partially crystalline polymers. Two lines can be drawn, one for symmetrical polymers, the other for unsymmetrical polymers, the latter being of lower slope. These familie…
Spherically symmetric optical instruments, and their desirability for microwaves, are discussed. Application of Hamiltonian optics in analyzing the rays in the Luneberg lens has led to formula of a new lens that has spherical symmetry and a focus near its center. A cylindrical version of this new lens has been designe…
A method is described for simultaneously measuring the diffusion coefficient, solubility, and permeability for a given gas in a single sample of solid material. The method utilizes solutions of the diffusion equation (for both plane and cylindrical geometry) which make it easily possible to calculate the diffusion par…
The rates of crystallization of five polymers, poly-(ethylene oxide), poly-(decamethylene adipate), and three poly-(N,N′-sebacoyl piperazine)'s differing in molecular weight, have been observed dilatometrically at various temperatures ranging from 5.5 to 24° below the respective melting points Tm. The crystallization…
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A quantitative theory is developed of the photofluorescence and scintillation properties of organic materials. On this theory the intermolecular energy transfer occurs by photon emission and absorption; the molecular emission spectrum extends continuously from the ionization energy ${E}_{I}$ down to the strong fluores…
We have found that the dielectric constant of good single crystals of barium titanate decreases as the average polarization is decreased by means of an electric field. This has been interpreted as being due to a domain clamping effect arising from the multidomain situation in the crystal that accompanies the reduction…
The low-temperature transition in magnetite, according to Verwey, is due to the ordering of the ferrous and ferric ions in the octahedral interstices of the spinel lattice. This arrangement would require a symmetry change from cubic to orthorhombic. X-ray diffraction indicates and electric conductivity and magnetizati…
Abstract The changes in molecular weight of a long-chain polymer (initially of arbitrary molecular-weight distribution) are studied when the main chain is subjected to random fracture, such as occurs when certain polymers are exposed to high-energy radiation. For several distributions studied, all trace of the initial…
Sawaguchi and Kittaka obtained the threshold field of PbZr${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$---that field necessary to change the antiferroelectric to the ferroelectric phase---below the Curie temperature. The free-energy difference is the difference between the area under the ferroelectric portion of the curve and that under the ant…
Summary A dynamic foam test for evaluation of hand‐dish‐washing compositions has been developed which gives good correlation with semipractical plate washing tests. Properties measured in the dynamic tests are foam build‐up index, foaming capacity, and stability of foam to soil.
The vapor pressure of zinc has been measured by the Knudsen effusion method using the radioisotope Zn65. Measurements have been made from 150° to 350°C, and the temperature-vapor pressure relation over this range was found to be log10Pmm=—7198/T+9.664. The heat of vaporization was calculated to be 31.35 kcal per mole…