Materials Literature
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According to their atomic arrangement the minerals found in clays can be divided into the two-layer and the three-layer structures. The members of the first group have alternating silica and alumina layers, e.g. kaolinite; the members of the second group have one alumina (or magnesium or iron) layer between two silica…
The empirical similarity in the behavior of scattering-factor curves for different atoms is used to replace the structure-factor formulae by an approximating system. This system is shown to lead to $m'\mathrm{th}$ degree algebraic equations, designated fundamental equations, whose coefficients are calculable in terms…
Abstract The theory of paramagnetism, originally developed by Langevin (1905) and extended by Weiss (1907) to include ferromagnetics, led to expressions giving the variation of magnetization with temperature above and below the Curie point. These proved of great value in correlating experimental results, and the gener…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF THE CHLOROPHYLLS, AND OF SOME OTHER PORPHYRIN METAL COMPLEX SALTSPaul RothemundCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 8, 2005Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1938https://p…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Molecular Structure of Arsenious Oxide, As4O6, Phosphorus Trioxide, P4O6, Phosphorus Pentoxide, P4O10, and Hexamethylenetetramine, (CH2)6N4, by Electron DiffractionG. C. Hampson and A. J. StosickCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 8, 1814–1822Publication Date (Print):…
A method has been devised for the measurement of the dielectric constant of a material that cannot be made to completely fill a condenser. The following is the procedure adopted: Two completely miscible liquids are so chosen that the dielectric constant of the material under examination lies between the two values for…
A bstract X‐ray diffraction patterns have been made of three samples of soda‐boric oxide glass of the following molal compositions: 0.114 Na 2 O, 0.225 Na 2 O, and 0.333 Na 2 O. The patterns were made in an evacuated camera, using MoK α radiation monochromatic by reflection from rock salt. Radial distribution curves f…
The discharge through flowing vapour of SiCl 4 , SnCl 4 , and SnCl 2 shows a number of regions of selective continuous emission, and, intimately connected with them, several sets of new bands. These appear under conditions unfavourable for the production of the known bands of SiCl and SnCl respectively. They are broad…
The Weiss-Heisenberg theory of ferromagnetism is discussed and generalized in a plausible way. Whether this generalization is theoretically sound must be determined by a quantum-mechanical investigation. The proposed equations of state, however, may be regarded as an attempt to describe antiferromagnetism (i.e., the c…
The methods used to measure separately the electronic and lattice heat conductivities κ e and κ g in a metal are reviewed, and it is pointed out that care is necessary in interpreting the results in view of the underlying assumptions. The equations given by Wilson for κ e and for the electrical conductivity σ are used…
A bstract X‐ray diffraction patterns were obtained for five compositions of soda‐silica glass. The patterns were made in an evacuated camera, using MoKα radiation monochromated by reflection from rock salt. The patterns show a perfectly continuous change in appearance with increasing soda content. From a Fourier analy…
Abstract In previous papers of this series evidence was advanced that: (i) The expansion which unactivated wood charcoal undergoes when adsorbing gases or vapours is directly proportional to its surface (free) energy lowering (Parts II and III). (ii) The Gibbs adsorption equation, relating the adsorption, the surface…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Heat Capacities, Entropies, and Heats of Solution of Anhydrous Sod um Sulfate and of Sodium Sulfate Decahydrate. The Application of the Third Law of Thermodynamics to Hydrated CrystalsKenneth S. Pitzer and Lowell V. CoulterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 6, 1310–1…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTActivities of Urease and Pepsin MonolayersIrving Langmuir and Vincent J. SchaeferCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 6, 1351–1360Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.102…
Abstract The broadening of the X-ray diffraction lines which occurs when the crystals composing the specimen are smaller than about 10-5 cm. edge length is well known. Since the discovery of this phenomenon by Scherrer in 1920 a fair amount of work has been done on the determination of the particle size from the bread…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface Electrification Due to the Recession of Aqueous Solutions from Hydrophobic SurfacesIrving LangmuirCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1938, 60, 5, 1190–1194Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1938https://…
Abstract The essential contribution of Heisenberg to the theory of ferromagnetism was in showing that those effects which had been correlated by means of the formal molecular field hypothesis of Weiss could be interpreted as arising from interchange interaction between electrons in atoms, of the same type as that invo…
1. Isolation experiments on the egg of Sabellaria vulgaris demonstrate that the formation of the apical tuft in partial larvæ is dependent upon the presence of the first polar lobe and the C cell; that the post-trochal region develops only when the three polar lobes and the 1D cell are present; and that apical cilia f…
A method described by Trotman and Bell for the detection of damage in silk by measuring the viscosity of its solution in aqueous zinc chloride has been studied.The effect of the temperature and the time of digestion on the viscosity has been investigated, and it is shown that a higher temperature with a shorter period…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDrying Air and Commercial Gases with Activated AluminaR. B. DerrCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1938, 30, 4, 384–388Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50340a005https:…