Materials Literature
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Silicon n-p-n transistors have been made in which the base and emitter regions were produced by diffusing impurities from the vapor phase. Transistors with base layers 3.8 × 10−4-cm thick have been made. The diffusion techniques and the processes for making electrical contact to the structures are described. The elect…
A. C. Newns, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1956, 52, 1533 DOI: 10.1039/TF9565201533
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxygen-Containing Groups on the Surface of Carbon BlackMerton L. Studebaker, E. W. D. Huffman, A. C. Wolfe, and L. G. NaborsCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1956, 48, 1, 162–166Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…
Abstract The industrial β‐carotene manufacturing procedure based on Inhoffen's synthesis C 19 + C 2 + C 19 = C 40 is described. β‐Ionone is first lengthened to β‐C 14 ‐aldehyde as in our vitamin A‐synthesis. By acetalisation, condensation with vinyl ether and treatment with acid the new β‐C 16 ‐aldehyde is obtained. R…
This investigation provides both a theoretical and an experimental analysis of the factors which affect the mode of solidification of a binary alloy. These factors are: (i) the concentration of solute in the melt (C 0 ); (ii) the rate of solidification (R); (iii) the temperature gradient in the melt at the solid–liqui…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDegree of Cure in Thermosetting ResinsEugene BarrCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1956, 48, 1, 72–74Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50553a024https://doi.org/10.…
J. O. Warwicker, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1956, 52, 554 DOI: 10.1039/TF9565200554
Apart from two or three experiments at the beginning of the century, methods of polishing metallic surfaces by a process of anodic dissolution—electro-polishing or electrolytic polishing—have been known only for the last 25 years. Recently it has been discovered that electric current is not always indispensable, and a…
The effects of various gaseo us atmospheres on the thermal decompositi on of p oly tetrafiu oroet hy lene have been investigated in t he ran ge 450 0 to 500 0 C. Bot h cata ly sis a nd inhibit ion wer e obser ved . The inhibitor y su bstan ces, chlorine, hydrogen, carbon tetrachloride, and t oluen e, all produ ced m a…
A study is made of the various factors influencing the values obtained from Micronaire tests made on samples of cotton. It is shown that both fibre fineness and maturity affect the measurements and a calibration of the scale of the instrument is made in terms of a simple function of these two quantities. The interpret…
The crystal-chemical basis of the relationship between hydrated calcium silicate and clay minerals is discussed, and a review is given of recent work on the tobermorite minerals, the group of hydrated calcium silicates which most nearly resembles the clay minerals. New data are presented for the specific gravities, re…
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Anodic corrosion of lead in sulfuric acid was studied in detail at potentials near the reversible potential. Results indicate that the first step in the corrosion process was reaction of lead with water to form lead dioxide. The solid‐phase reaction probably occurred below a certain potential, and this reaction plus t…
Abstract If the surface of a polyethylene film is subjected to certain treatments, printing on the surface becomes possible, or, in other words, the bonding properties of the polyethylene film are improved. Two forms of treatment, involving the use of a Tesla coil discharge at atmospheric pressure and of a glow discha…
Experimental measurements of jet velocity and of penetration velocity as functions of depth of penetration are described for lined cavity charges fired into several types of target material and under a variety of experimental conditions. The results show that the hydrodynamic theory of penetration of Pugh and of Hill,…
Recently Shore and Parry described a new compound, H_3NBH_3, and as evidence of crystallinity they outlined its X-ray diffraction powder pattern. From these data it has proved possible to determine its crystal structure
A phase diagram of the system A1 2 O 3 ‐A1 4 C 3 is proposed. Two intermediate oxycarbides, A1 4 O 4 C and A1 2 OC, were established. Eutectic melting between alumina and A1 4 O 4 C occurred at 1840° C. No other low melting was observed. The alumina phase was not corundum but was similar to delta‐alumina. Because of t…
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This paper presents a theoretical analysis of diffusion processes during the oxidation of an alloy when oxides of different alloying elements are formed concurrently. For idealized conditions it is possible to calculate the decrease in the oxidation rate which results from alloying a base metal, having a relatively hi…
A study has been mad e by X-ray diffract ion analyses of t he A20 3 :2B02-type double oxides. It was found that many of t hese mixed oxides, after appropriate heat treatment, formed compounds of the formula type A2B20 7 Most of these compounds crystallized in the cubic system with a face-centered cell similar to that…