Materials Literature
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Evidence is given for the correlation between an optical absorption band at 2300 a.u. and an electron spin resonance system developed in quartz after 60 Co γ‐irradiation. The results of bleaching γ‐irradiated quartz and silica at 78°K. and at room temperature are presented and discussed. Also, further observations upo…
The radiation effects both of polydimethyl siloxane and dimetyl-diphenyl siloxane copolymers were studied by the use of gamma rays of cobalt-60 in order to estimate the protective effect due to phenyl radical against the radiation-induced cross-linking. The viscosity of irradiated sample increased with the absorbed do…
Abstract Solution studies of Kel‐F elastomer and Viton A with various amines have shown that dehydrohalogenation is the primary step in crosslinking and usually proceeds at temperatures lower than those required for gelation. There is a difference in the reactivity between the two polymers; dehydrohalogenation and gel…
The technique of the total reflection of x rays has been applied to the study of thin films of Cu, Ni, Ge, and Se vacuum-deposited onto polished glass substrates. Starting with fresh films, ``smooth'' enough to exhibit pronounced x-ray interference fringes in the region just beyond the critical angle, the effects of v…
A method has been devised for the measurement of crystallinity in drawn fibres of polyethylene terephthalate fibre by an X-ray technique. Strictly monochromatic X-ray radiation is used and the X-ray camera is evacuated. This enables the photographic film, which is used to record the X-ray reflexion, to be free of "whi…
The temperature dependence of Young's modulus of vitreous GeO2 has been determined by a dynamic resonance method from −195°C to 540°C. The modulus increases with increasing temperature from about −120°C to 400°C. Below and above this range the modulus decreases with increasing temperature. Young's modulus for vitreous…
Experimental results concerning electron ejection from annealed, atomically clean surfaces of germanium and silicon by the singly charged ions of the noble gases are reported. The (111) and (100) faces of silicon and the (111) face of germanium have been studied. Total yield and kinetic energy distribution of ejected…
Knudsen effusion and mass-spectrometric techniques were employed in studying the gaseous species in thermodynamic equilibrium with condensed boric oxide and water vapor in the temperature range from 1060° to 1450°K. Water vapor was introduced into a Knudsen cell containing B2O3, and the vapor effusing from the cell wa…
When glasses are colored by ionizing radiation the induced optical absorption increases as the radiation progresses and appears to be due to the superposition of a number of individual absorption bands. A detailed study of this process has been made using a specimen of Corning boro‐silicate glass colored by exposure t…
The manner in which underwater explosions differ from low-amplitude point sources of sound is considered theoretically, especially effects due to cavitation near the sea surface. Some measured differences between the acoustic source levels of various size charges and some absolute charge source levels are given. These…
Abstract A rapid method for determining the degree of crosslinking in elastomers is described which involves measuring equilibrium compression modulus at very small deformations on solvent‐swollen samples. The elastomer used was a polyether urethane vulcanized by an accelerated sulfur recipe. The degree of crosslinkin…
A simple theory concerning the reflection of electrons from solid targets is derived, based on the following assumptions: (1) the primary cause of electron reflection from a solid material is Rutherford scattering through angles greater than 90°; (2) the energy loss of electrons penetrating a solid target is given by…
The performance characteristics of a conventional thermoelectric generator operating under constant heat flux conditions have been computed. Expressions for power output, optimum efficiency, and optimum ratio of internal-to-load resistance show that optimization requires operating conditions appreciably different from…
Factors affecting the resistance to bending offered by fibres, yarns and woven fabrics are considered. Fibre stiffness depends upon fibre material, shape of cross-section and denier. Yarn stiffness is usually controlled by fibre stiffness, being little affected by twist under normal conditions of lubrication. When yar…
The solid-liquid interface shape during growth from the melt has been determined for pure materials in the vicinity of external and internal surfaces; both the cases of isotropy and anisotropy of solid-liquid interfacial energy have been considered. From these considerations it is possible to determine some effects as…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Thermodynamic Analysis of the High-temperature Vaporization Properties of Silica.Harold L. SchickCite this: Chem. Rev. 1960, 60, 4, 331–362Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1960https://pubs.acs.o…
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Oliver H. LeBlanc; Hole and Electron Drift Mobilities in Anthracene. J. Chem. Phys. 1 August 1960…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrromethanes and Porphyrins Therefrom1G. P. Arsenault, E. Bullock, and S. F. MacDonaldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 16, 4384–4389Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1960https://pubs.acs.org…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTUDY OF THE CHANGE IN SPECIFIC HEAT OF MONOMERIC AND POLYMERIC GLASSES DURING THE GLASS TRANSITIONBernhard WunderlichCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1960, 64, 8, 1052–1056Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 Augu…
The self-diffusion coefficient of oxygen has been determined as a function of temperature in single crystal and polycrystalline aluminum oxide at temperatures up to 1780°C. The rate of exchange between a gas phase and solid particles was measured, utilizing the stable isotope, O18. In single crystals of aluminum oxide…