Materials Literature
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Homogeneous electron-transfer kinetics for the oxidation of seven different iron(III) porphyrins using three different oxidants were examined in deaerated acetonitrile, and the resulting data were evaluated in light of the Marcus theory of electron transfer to determine reorganization energies of the rate-determining…
The on–off intermittent behavior of emission from single CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals was investigated as a function of temperature and excitation intensity. Off times were found to be independent of excitation power and the temperature dependence reveals substantial reduction in the number of on–off cycles prior…
Dispersions of colloidal particles in cholesteric liquid crystals form an unusual solid by stabilizing a network of linear defects under tension in the ideal layered structure of the cholesteric. The large length scales of the cholesteric liquid crystals allowed direct observation of the network structure, and its pro…
Three things largely determine the electronic properties of a crystal: the energy levels of the atoms or lattice sites, the coupling between adjacent sites, and the symmetry of the solid. Imagine being able to control each of these properties separately, and therefore being able to “design” a solid with a prescribed s…
Colloidal metal aerogels are composite nanoscale materials that combine the high surface area and porosity of aerogels with the unique optical and physical properties of metal colloids. As such, they are being developed as advanced sensor, catalytic, and electrocatalytic materials. We have prepared colloidal gold−sili…
Ruthenium dioxide is an important electrode material for applications in electrocatalysis and power sources. High surface areas are achieved in hydrous RuO 2 precipitates and in mixed ruthenium oxide−titanium oxide, (Ru−Ti)O x, aerogels (in which nanoscale domains are networked to form a highly porous structure). The…
Several kinds of nearly monodisperse size-quantized CdS particles (Q−CdS) capped with 2-aminoethanethiol were prepared by means of size selective photoetching and were covalently immobilized onto a gold electrode substrate coated previously with a self-assembled monolayer of 2-aminoethanethiol. The potential of the co…
We describe the preparation, structural characterization, and support interactions experienced by two different compositions of Pt−Ru nanoparticles supported on several carbons (carbon black, fullerene soot, and desulfurized carbon black). The bimetallic nanoparticles, obtained by reduction of the neutral molecular pr…
The Sudden Approximation is applied to invert structural data on randomly corrugated surfaces from inert atom scattering intensities. Several expressions relating experimental observables to surface statistical features are derived. The results suggest that atom (and in particular He) scattering can be used profitably…
We study, both analytically and numerically, the dynamics of elastic boundaries such as crack fronts in fracture and surfaces of contact in solid on solid friction. The elastic waves in the solid give rise to kinks that move with a characteristic velocity along the boundary. As stopping kinks pass through they cause m…
The addition of poly(ethylene glycol) (Mn = 200 g/mol) (PEG-200) to the fermentation media of Alcaligenes eutrophus and Alcaligenes latus at various stages of growth resulted in the synthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) with bimodal molecular weight distributions. The presence of 2% w/v-PEG-200 did not have delet…
Most research on polymer degradation is for single polymers, even though the thermal decomposition of polymer mixtures is of interest both practically and theoretically. Polymer degradation rates depend on the mixture type, and adding a polymer can increase, decrease, or leave unchanged the degradation rate of the fir…
The structure, thermal expansion coefficients, and ionic and electronic conductivities of Ce 1 - x Tb x O 2 - δ ( x = 0−0.30) solid solutions, prepared hydrothermally for the first time, were investigated. The uniformly small particle size (33−40 nm) of the hydrothermally prepared materials allows sintering of the sam…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” opt…
Free-Standing Films-Basic Physical Notions and Properties. Experimental Techniques. Thinning, Stratification and Rupture. Orientational and Phase Transitions. The Field-Induced Effects. Structure and Defects of Stable Thin Films. Different Applications of Free-Standing Liquid Crystalline Films. Index.
The syntheses and characterization of mesostructured hexagonally ordered surfactant composites using zirconium sulfate ions as inorganic precursor species are described. On the basis of the mesostructured zirconium sulfate surfactant composites, two porous MCM-41 analogues have been synthesized: zirconium oxide−sulfat…
Coupled cobalt and nickel sandwich complexes with one positive charge are paramagnetic mixed-valence species, in which the charge is delocalized in solution yet localized in the solid state. When the mono- and dications (figure) have more than one unpaired electron, antiferromagnetic interaction across the ligand brid…
It is demonstrated that there are distinct off and on states in the current–voltage characteristics of porous silicon (PS) diodes, and that the visible electroluminescence (EL) is observed in the on state. The PS diodes are composed of semitransparent thin Au films, rapid thermal oxidization (RTO)-treated PS layers (∼…
Using Monte Carlo simulations we find that a monodisperse symmetric ABCD star-block copolymer melt undergoes a microphase separation, in which the three space is divided into cellular domains. The domain shape is a cubooctahedron known as the Wigner-Seitz cell of the body-centered cubic lattice. To be precise, the sha…
The structures of three colloidal liquids at their triple points are studied. The interparticle attraction in these liquids, induced by the depletion effect of free polymer, has variable range. In one case, the liquid state is ``marginal''---in the phase diagram the critical point lies nearly on the line of triple coe…