Materials Literature
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We present a new model to describe the unusual elastic properties of compressed emulsions. The response of a single droplet under compression is investigated numerically for different Wigner-Seitz cells. The response is softer than harmonic, and depends on the coordination number of the droplet. Using these results, w…
First-principles calculations have been performed in order to determine effective exchange integrals between {\it strongly} and {\it weakly} exchange-coupled Co monolayers in certain modulated periodic $CoCu_2/CoCu_n$-type superlattices with three non-equivalent Co planes, which have not yet been studied hitherto. For…
In order to understand the electronic structure of the incommensurate misfit layer compound we carried out an ab initio band structure calculation in the supercell approximation. The band structure is compared with that of the components and hypothetical SnS with a similar structure as in . The calculations show that…
We measure optically the dynamics of the nematic order parameter S induced by an electric field in the isotropic phase of the nematogenic 4\ensuremath{'}-n-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl. Using S as a thermometer, we observe transient heating and cooling when orientational order is induced, or decays. This electrothermal effe…
Highly oriented diamond films with {001} facets were grown on Si{001} using microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The tilt and rotation of the diamond crystals were measured by polar x-ray diffraction. The full widths at half-maximum of {004} and {220} diffraction peaks were 5° and 10°, respectively. It…
Using neutron spin echo and dielectric spectroscopy we have studied the molecular motions of 1-4 polybutadiene in the $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\beta}$ relaxation regime. At the first peak of the static structure factor the relaxation times follow the temperature dependence of the viscosity, while…
A structural study of a electric-field-induced ferroelectric phase has been performed using single-crystal x-ray diffraction and EXAFS techniques. The polar axis was found to be orthogonal to the direction of atomic displacements in the initial antiferroelectric phase. The ferroelectric properties of the phase are due…
compounds with x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 have been studied in this paper. All compounds crystallize in the -type structure (space group, P6/mmm). The substitution of Ti for Mn in results in a linear increase in the lattice constants and the unit-cell volume from a = 5.531 Å, c = 9.025 Å and V = 239.10 at x = 0, to…
The critical splay-to-bend-alignment transition in a liquid-crystal cell treated by parallel rubbing (π cell) was investigated to improve the optical performance of the display mode using this cell with a compensator. By analyzing the free energy in liquid crystal cells, it was found that nematic media with a smaller…
Potassium niobate (KNbO3) thin films and potassium niobate/tantalate (KNbO3/KTaO3) superlattices have been grown on KTaO3 (001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The thin-film structures were analyzed by Rutherford backscattering/ion-channeling techniques, x-ray θ–2θ and Φ scans, and both conventional and Z-contr…
Lattice strain of epitaxially grown single crystal Fe3(Al,Si)/GaAs films was measured in a synchrotron x-ray scattering experiment. The Fe3Al film (2.5% lattice mismatch) was partially strained and tetragonally distorted at room temperature. As the sample was annealed to 500 °C, the internal strain was mostly relaxed…
We have measured the thermopower S(T,H) and resistivity ρ(T,H) of laser ablated La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 films, as a function of temperature and external magnetic field. On heating, a metal–insulator transition occurs at temperatures below the resistivity peak, observed via a jump between a low T regime, where S∝T, and a high…
A mixed-mode twisted nematic (MTN) liquid crystal cell is developed for both reflective-mode projection and direct-view displays. This MTN cell exhibits two times higher brightness and eliminates the parallax problem as commonly observed in reflective displays using a nominal transmissive TN cell. In the meantime, the…
Dielectric spectroscopy has been performed on supercooled glycerol for frequencies 3 μHz ⩽ ν ⩽ 40 GHz and temperatures between 100 K ⩽ T ⩽ 500 K. Hence, the absorptive part of the dielectric susceptibility was measured at comparable frequencies as the dynamic susceptibility obtained by neutron and light scattering tec…
We present a complete theory of polarization measurements of second-order nonlinear light scattering in isotropic solutions of nonlinear molecules. The nonlinear interaction between the molecules and input beams at frequencies ω1 and ω2 gives rise to incoherently scattered radiation at frequency ω1+ω2. The fundamental…
Calorimetric heats of adsorption and sticking probabilities are reported for NO and CO on both the reconstructed hex and the unreconstructed (1×1) surfaces of Pt{100} by single crystal adsorption calorimetry (SCAC), at room temperature. The hex surface reverts to the (1×1) structure during adsorption of both gases, as…
The dynamics of atactic polystyrene (PS) has been studied by a quasielastic neutron scattering technique in a temperature range of 21–475 K covering the glass transition temperature Tg (=373 K). The so-called fast process in picosecond order is observed similarly to other glass-forming materials in supercooled states…
A phenomenological approach to the stretching mode vibrational frequencies of defects in semiconductors is proposed. A novel quantum scale is defined in terms of the first principles pseudopotential based orbital radius and the principal quantum number of the element concerned. A universal linear relationship between…
Three monomers with different degrees of unsaturation, 1-propanol, allyl alcohol, and propargyl alcohol, are plasma-deposited to obtain alcohol functions containing polymers. To obtain information on the behaviors of these monomers in the plasma, the polymers deposited in the reactor and in the postdischarge region ar…
Polar monomers have been grafted onto polyolefin surfaces with the aid of inert gas plasma. In the first stage, an inert gas plasma (argon plasma) was used to generate free radicals on the polyolefin surface. In the second stage, the plasma generator was turned off and a vinyl monomer introduced as a vapor. Monomer wa…