Materials Literature
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A multilayer piezoelectric ceramic/polymer composite with 2–2 connectivity was fabricated by thermoplastic green machining after co‐extrusion. The multilayer ceramic body was composed of piezoelectrically active lead zirconate titanate (PZN)–lead zinc niobate (PZN)‐lead zirconate titanate (PZT) layers and electrically…
The high mobility of austenite-martensite interfaces is a characteristic of a thermoelastic martensitic transformation. Internal friction and elastic constants are very suitable probes to analyze this mobility. In this work, resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and neutron powder diffra…
Of all the potential sources of contamination in microelectronics manufacturing, water is the most significant – being necessary at different stages of the production process. John Hutcheson of Hutch 2 O looks at how this potential problem can be avoided.
Homogeneous cement-bonded particleboards 6 mm in thickness were made from maize stalk with Portland cement and calcium chloride. Boards were produced at two levels of cement/maize stalk ratio and three levels of additive concentration and board density, giving 18 treatment combinations. Modulus of rupture (MOR), modul…
Polycrystalline boratotungstates of composition Ln 3 BWO 9 (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy) are prepared by solid-phase synthesis and structurally studied. The structures are refined using the Rietveld method for hexagonal space group P 6 3 ( Z = 2). The boratotungstate structures are frameworks. The rare-earth cations i…
Mechanochemistry is a branch of solid state chemistry which inquires into processes which proceed in solids due to the application of mechanical energy. At present, mechanochemistry appears to be a science with a sound theoretical foundation which exhibits a wide range of potential application. Amongst the potential v…
The dielectric susceptibility of strontium-barium niobate, Sr0.75Ba0.25Nb2O6, reveals strong relaxor behaviour. It is shown that the relationship between the frequency of the ac probing field and the temperature, at which the real part of the susceptibility passes through a maximum, satisfactorily follows the activate…
At the present transmission, an electron energy-loss spectrum (EELS) analysis is only carried out in transmission electron microscopes, such as the transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) or the Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopes (STEMs). Although the elemental analysis can be done in the scanning electron mi…
Crystals of a new hydrous rare-earth borate LaB 5 O 8 (OH) 2 · 1.5H 2 O( 1 ), space group P 2 1 / n , are prepared hydrothermally. The crystal structure is solved using the heavy-atom method without a priori knowledge of the chemical formula. The complex anionic radical is built of pleated layers, which are structural…
The dielectric behaviour of tetragonal PLZT x/40/60 ceramics doped with lanthanum (x = 5, 12 and 15%) has been investigated at 100–1014 Hz. Dielectric, THz and infrared spectra were measured from 500 to 20 K. For x ≥ 12 relaxor ferroelectric behaviour was observed. All three samples showed an additional relaxational m…
Abstract Since the formula for the shaped charge jet break‐up time was published on 1979 many attempts were made to interpret it and to make its use more efficient. It is shown herein that the V pl parameter depends on the ratio of the liner thickness to the charge explosive diameter by the formula: 1/ V pl =13.9−101⋅…
Insulating materials should be heat and fire resistant within the specified limits without damaging other properties. In the present work, different samples of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and PVC/alumina trihydrate (ATH) composites have been prepared and exposed to various degrees of temperatures, which represent the var…
Abstract Summary: Novel poly(cyclotriphosphazene‐ co ‐sulfonyldiphenol) microtubes were successfully prepared via one‐pot synthesis using special templates generated in situ during the polymerization. The templates could be easily removed by dissolution in water. This approach overcame the multi‐step nature of general…
Abstract Newly developed polymerisable nematic liquid crystalline materials in the Paliocolor® family with medium and high birefringence (0.16 and 0.20, respectively) are described. They enable the manufacturing of optical films, such as retardation films, brightness enhancement films and color filters, with superior…
The current interest in carbon nanotubes is a direct consequence of the synthesis of buckminsterfullerene, C 60 , in 1985 and its derivatives thereafter. The discovery that carbon could form stable, ordered structures other than graphite and diamond simulated many researchers in the world to search for other allotrope…
In the course of a screening for compounds inhibiting the growth of two human breast cancer cells lines, two highly cytotoxic compounds were isolated from fermentations of Myrothecium roridum. The elucidation of their structures revealed that they are macrocyclic trichothecenes of the verrucarin type, 16-hydroxyverruc…
High performance polymer dielectrics such as polyimides and polybenzoxazoles are used for several applications in the semiconductor industry due to their excellent dielectric and thermomechanical properties. However, these materials require curing at high temperatures for long periods of time in order to achieve the d…
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystals synthesized by an atmospheric microwave plasma torch are characterized in terms of the mixture ratio of N2 and O2 in the torch gas. Zinc (Zn) granules as a source material placed on the plasma reactor were evaporated and oxidized to ZnO immediately as soon as Zn granules were in contact w…
Insulation monitoring and diagnostic are the base of condition maintenance and essential for an economic usage of high voltage equipment. Electrical breakdowns in a small region of the insulating system are called partial discharge. The appearance and the intensity of these partial discharges are a quality criterion f…
Effects of the thermal treatment and the fabrication process of Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O3 (PZT) thin films using chemical solution deposition on Pt∕TiOx electrode stacks were investigated using complementary analytical techniques including atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmi…