Materials Literature
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By using the scattering matrix method, we investigate the thermal conductance in a double-stub quantum wire at low temperatures. The coupling effects between two stubs are analyzed in detail. It is found that the quantum structures exhibit oscillatory decaying thermal conductance with the width between two stubs at lo…
Using photon-in photon-out soft x-ray spectroscopy, the electronic structure of silicon nanoclusters embedded in an electrically insulating SiO2 host matrix is investigated as a function of nanocluster size. We find the nanoclusters to be of a core-shell structure with a crystalline Si core and a thin transition layer…
Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to investigate the thermodynamic melting point of the crystalline nitromethane, the melting mechanism of superheated crystalline nitromethane, and the physical properties of crystalline and glassy nitromethane. The maximum superheating and glass transition temperatures of…
Background: The transition to a hydrogen fuel economy is hindered by the lack of a practical storage method and concerns associated with its safe handling. Chemical hydrides have the potential to address these concerns. Sodium borohydride (sodium tetrahydroborate, NaBH4), is the most attractive chemical hydride for H2…
We assess the relative importance of spatial congestion and lowered temperature in the slowing dynamics of supercooled glycerol near the glass transition. We independently vary both volume V and temperature T by applying high pressure and monitor the dynamics by measuring the dielectric susceptibility. Our results dem…
A possibility to realize an isotropic left handed material up to optical frequencies is theoretically investigated. The proposed homogeneous structure consists of dielectric spheres embedded randomly in a negative permittivity host medium. While the effective permittivity of the structure is negative over a wide frequ…
Using high-resolution atomic force microscopy, we have shown extremely high stability of linear ferroelectric domains in epitaxial PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 thin films heated up to 735°C, a significant advantage for technological applications. An elevated transition temperature ∼785°C is observed even in relatively thick (91nm)…
In a contact-density chain-growth study we investigate the solubility-temperature pseudophase diagram of a lattice polymer in a cavity with an attractive surface. In addition to the main phases of adsorbed and desorbed conformations we find numerous subphases of collapsed and expanded structures.
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dielectric spectroscopy methods were employed to study structural and dynamic changes in the tannic acid (TA)-stabilized pericardium tissue. Chemically stabilized pericardium tissue is widely used in construction of the tissue derived bioprostheses. IR spe…
Samples made of an isotropically oriented ensemble of atomic clusters or structures that are not large crystals (i.e. extended less than 10 periods in each direction) are at the frontier of today's material science and chemistry. Examples are nanoparticles, nanotubes, amorphous matter, polymers, and macromolecules in…
In this article, we demonstrate that a subwavelength metal slit surrounded by dielectric surface gratings possesses a directional beaming effect. We propose a surface plasmon diffraction scheme to explain the three kinds of beaming conditions. The numerical simulations of the illustrative structures undertaken used a…
We have investigated the charge dynamics of ${\mathrm{VO}}_{2}$ by optical reflectivity measurements. Optical conductivity clearly shows a metal-insulator transition. In the metallic phase, a broad Drude-like structure is observed. On the other hand, in the insulating phase, a broad peak structure around $1.3\phantom{…
Metal-semiconductor core-shell nanostructures have been synthesized to explore the influence of metal nanostructures on the photoluminescence of semiconductors. Up to 40 times enhancement in the emission intensity was observed in the Au–CdS core-shell nanostructures. The mechanism where the excited electrons on Au sur…
ZnS nanowires with periodically alternating twins along the growth direction of wires have been synthesized via a thermal evaporation method. Structural characterizations reveal that both sphalerite (cubic) and wurtzite (hexagonal) phases coexist in the synthesized nanowires. The periodically twinned ZnS nanowires are…
High-level ab initio molecular-orbital methods have been employed to determine the relative stability among four neutral and anionic B20 isomers, particularly the double-ring tubular isomer versus three low-lying planar isomers. Calculations with the fourth-order Moller-Plessset perturbation theory [MP4(SDQ)] and Dunn…
Epitaxial BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films were fabricated on (001)-, (110)-, and (111)-oriented single-crystal SrRuO3(SRO)∕SrTiO3(STO) structures by chemical solution deposition. X-ray diffraction indicates the formation of an epitaxial single-phase perovskite structure and pole figure measurement confirms the cube-on-cube ep…
We measure nonlinear optical scattering from individual Au nanorods excited by ultrafast laser pulses on resonance with their longitudinal plasmon mode. Isolating single rods removes inhomogeneous broadening and allows the measurement of a large nonlinearity, much greater than that of nanorod ensembles. Surprisingly,…
A multiferroic heterostructure is constructed by growing an epitaxial piezoelectric $\mathrm{Pb}({\mathrm{Zr}}_{0.3},{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.7}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ film on a magnetostrictive layered manganite single crystal of composition ${\mathrm{La}}_{1.2}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{1.8}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$. The efficient…
Measurements of the static magnetic susceptibility and of the nuclear magnetic resonance of multiwalled vanadium oxide nanotubes are reported. In this nanoscale magnet the structural low dimensionality and mixed valency of vanadium ions yield a complex temperature dependence of the static magnetization and the nuclear…
An important challenge in regenerative medicine is the design of suitable bioactive scaffold materials that can act as artificial extracellular matrices. We reported previously on a family of peptide-amphiphile (PA) molecules that self-assemble into high-aspect ratio nanofibers under physiological conditions, and can…