Materials Literature
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Optically activated cavitation in a nanoemulsion contrast agent is proposed for therapeutic applications. With a 56°C boiling point perfluorohexane core and highly absorptive gold nanospheres at the oil-water interface, cavitation nuclei in the core can be efficiently induced with a laser fluence below medical safety…
We study the pattern formation in a two-dimensional system of superparamagnetic colloids interacting via spatially coherent induced interactions driven by an external precessing magnetic field. On the pair level, upon changing the opening angle of the external field, the interactions smoothly vary from purely repulsiv…
It has been challenging to simultaneously achieve high strength and toughness in engineered materials because of the trade-off relation between the two distinct properties. Nature, however, has elegantly solved this problem. Seashells, commonly referred to as nature's armors, exhibit an unusual resilience against pred…
Local structure and disorder in crystalline materials are increasingly recognized as the key to understanding their functional properties. From negative thermal expansion to dielectric response to thermoelectric properties to ionic conductivity, a clear picture of the local atomic arrangements is essential for underst…
UV or visible light irradiation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified with a thiol-terminated spiropyran dye promotes reversible aggregation or dispersion of AuNPs. This is facilitated by the electrostatic repulsion/attraction between the AuNPs controlled by the ring-opening/closing photoisomerization of the surface…
Sedimentation of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) has been studied mainly in artificial media and stagnant systems mimicking natural waters. This neglects the role of turbulence and heteroaggregation with sediment. The authors studied the apparent sedimentation rates of selected ENPs (cerium dioxide [CeO2 ], polyvinylp…
Morphological control of conductive networks involves the construction of segregated or double-percolated conductive networks is often reported to reduce the electrical percolation threshold of conductive polymer composites (CPCs) for better balance among electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and filler cont…
Superconducting metamaterials comprising rf SQUIDs (Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices) have been recently realized and investigated with respect to their tuneability, permeability and dynamic multistability properties. These properties are a consequence of intrinsic nonlinearities due to the sensitivity of…
We report an experimental and computational study of the Hall effect in Mn$_{\rm 1-x}$Fe$_{\rm x}$Si, as complemented by measurements in Mn$_{\rm 1-x}$Co$_{\rm x}$Si, when helimagnetic order is suppressed under substitutional doping. For small $x$ the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and the topological Hall effect (THE) c…
We represent N-body Coulomb energy in a localized form to achieve massive parallelism. It is a well-known fact that Green's functions can be written as path integrals of field theory. Since two-body Coulomb potential is a Green's function of Poisson equations, it reduces to a path integral of free scalar field theory…
RF sputtered ZnO and Al:ZnO films are attractive transparent conductive oxides for fabrication of opto-electronic devices. In this paper we present efforts to control carrier concentration and mobility of ZnO/Al:ZnO thin films by controlling deposition parameters (RF power, pressure and substrate temperature. Al:ZnO t…
Despite well documented first-principles theoretical determination of the low migration energy (0.06 eV) of a single He in tungsten, fully quantum mechanical calculations on the migration of a He pair still present a challenge due to the complexity of its trajectory. By identifying the six most stable configurations o…
With a view to gain an understanding about the alloying tendency of bimetallic nano alloy clusters of isoelectronics constituents, we studied the structural and mixing behaviors of Mn$_m$Tc$_n$ alloy clusters with $m+n =$13 for all possible compositions, using first principles electronic structure calculations. Our st…
The present study reports the feasibility of synthesis of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) by watermelon rind. The aqueous extract prepared from watermelon rind, an agro waste, was evaluated as capping and reducing agent for biosynthesis of palladium nanoparticles. The formation of Pd NPs was visually monitored with c…
High-quality monolayer graphene was synthesized on high-κ dielectric single crystal SrTiO3 (STO) substrates by a facile metal-catalyst-free chemical vapor deposition process. The as-grown graphene sample was suitable for fabricating a high performance field-effect transistor (FET), followed by a far lower operation vo…
The use of cellulose as building blocks for the development of novel functional materials is rapidly growing. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), with advantageous chemical and mechanical properties, have gained prominence in a number of applications, such as in nanofillers in polymer composites, building materials, cosmeti…
The mandate to reduce greenhouse gases will require highly efficient electric machines for both power generation and traction motor applications. Although permanent magnet electric machines utilizing Nd 2 Fe 14 B-based magnets provide obvious power-to-weight advantages over induction machines, the limited availability…
Solid-oxide fuel cells are devices for the efficient conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy and heat. Research efforts are currently addressed toward the optimization of cells operating at temperatures in the region of 600°C, known as intermediate-temperature solid-oxide fuel cells, for which materials req…
This work describes the measurement and comparison of several important properties of native cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), such as crystallinity, morphology, aspect ratio, and surface chemistry. Measurement of the fundamental properties of seven different CNCs/CNFs, from raw material…
In this study, the effect of anodizing voltage on the morphologies, pore diameter and interpore distance on the porous anodic alumina formed on aluminium manganese alloy was reported. It was found that the anodizing influenced the morphologies and regularities of porous anodic alumina formed on aluminum-manganese subs…