Materials Literature
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In a number of studies it has been shown that single-wall carbon nanotube crystals undergo phase transformations and shape changes as a function of nanotube radius and hydrostatic compression. When large radius nanotubes form a crystal, the circular tube cross section deforms to a hexagonal shape, while under hydrosta…
We present here a general theoretical procedure to treat the problem of electron delocalization and magnetic interactions in high-nuclearity mixed valence clusters based on polyoxometalates. The main interactions between the delocalized electrons of mixed-valence polyoxometalate anions are extracted from valence spect…
Oligophenylenevinylene (OPV) tetracarboxylate luminescent ligand 5 has been synthesized and used for the design of a new Ni(II) layered organic−inorganic compound ( 8 ) obtained by the reaction of 5 with nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate. The hybrid compound 8 has been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and its ma…
Submicrometer-gate (0.2-0.5-μm) diamond metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MISFETs) were fabricated on an H-terminated diamond surface. The maximum transconductance in dc mode reaches 165 mS/mm, while the average transconductance is 70 mS/mm in submicrometer-gate diamond MISFETs. The highest cutof…
A novel metal supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell has been developed, capable of operating at temperatures of 500-600°C. The rationale behind the materials used to construct this fuel cell type is given, and results presented from cell and short stack testing, including durability and thermal cycling trials. This new fuel…
The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies of the structures of the outer and inner electron shells of compounds of light actinides (Th, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf) in the binding energy (Eb) range of 0–1250 eV are generalised. The regularities of formation of the fine structure in the X-ray photoele…
We have investigated the relaxation of zone-center nonequilibrium optical phonons in bulk cubic and hexagonal semiconductors. Our theory is based on the application of Fermi's golden rule formula involving anharmonic interaction between phonons. Calculations of the lifetimes of the zone-center longitudinal optical (LO…
Metamaterials composed of metal-dielectric nanostructures can be engineered to have the real part of the effective refractive index less than unity at optical wavelengths. These materials show intriguing optical properties including total external reflection. We utilize this effect to design and analyze slab waveguide…
We present a Raman spectroscopy study of iodine-intercalated ($p$-type-doped) double-walled carbon nanotubes. Double-walled carbon nanotubes ($\mathrm{DWCNTs}$) are synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition and characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The assignment of the radial breathing modes and the tangentia…
Molecular dynamic calculations of pullout in multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) demonstrate that inner walls with fractured ends have pullout forces $\ensuremath{\sim}3\ensuremath{-}4$ times larger than those for capped ends, due to deformation of the fractured end, quantitatively accounting for experiments. Under pres…
Functionalized beads and particles in the size range of tens to hundreds of nanometers (nano- to meso-scale) are finding increased applications in the bioanalytical field. We show here that conjugates of streptavidin and the temperature-responsive polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), synthesized with low pol…
Work functions of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were studied by means of photoemission electron microscopy. Work function differences between the nanotubes were clearly observed in secondary electron images. The work functions of 93 SWNTs were found to range within 0.6eV, but most distributed in a…
Nitrous oxide (N2O) reduction is a chemical challenge both in the selective oxidation of organic substrates by N2O and in the removal of N2O as a green-house gas. The reduction of N2O is thermodynamically favorable but kinetically inert, and requires activating transition-metal centers. In biological systems, N2O redu…
Macromolecular anchoring layer approach was used for preparation of an effective macroinitiator for the synthesis of grafted polymer layers by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiated from the surface. For the initial surface modification, a thin layer of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) was deposited o…
Sensitization of Er emission by Si nanoclusters (Si-nc) is investigated with pulsed and continuous optical pumping, in and off resonance with excited states of ${\text{Er}}^{3+}$ ion. We show that under high-power pulsed pumping, the excitation process is limited by the finite energy transfer time from Si-nc to ${\tex…
This work describes studying the permanent grafting of carboxylic acid end-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (PEG) chains of different molecular weights from the melt onto a surface employing poly(glycidyl methacrylate) ultrathin film as an anchoring layer. The grafting led to the synthesis of the comp…
Germanium-based alloys hold great promise for future spintronics applications, due to their potential for integration with conventional Si-based electronics. Mn5Ge3 exhibits strong ferromagnetism up to the Curie temperature Tc~295K. We use Point Contact Andreev Reflection (PCAR) spectroscopy to measure the spin polari…
The structure and electronic properties of single $\mathrm{Cu}$ atoms, copper monolayers, and thin copper films on the polar oxygen and zinc terminated surfaces of $\mathrm{ZnO}$ are studied using periodic density-functional calculations. We find that the binding energy of $\mathrm{Cu}$ atoms sensitively depends on ho…
The films of order-disorder type ferroelectrics were considered in the mean field approximation taking into account depolarization field. It was shown that size effects in this system could be described on the base of bulk system equation of state with Curie temperature dependent on the film thickness. The critical si…
We have developed a method to simulate multiple electron scattering in a vacuum barrier using real-space single-electron wavefunctions of the separate surfaces. The tunnelling current is calculated to first order in the Dyson series. In zero order, we find a result which differs from the usual Bardeen approach by the…