Materials Literature
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Melting of the charge-ordered state in $(\mathrm{La},\mathrm{Ca}){\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ and $(\mathrm{Pr},\mathrm{Ca}){\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ is characterized by an anomalously large decrease of the wave vector---as much as $25%$ through the transition. High resolution lattice images obtained from electron microscopy reveal…
A decreasing trend of the optical gap E04 with increasing sp2 carbon content has been noticed in amorphous carbon thin films. This behavior is common to materials grown using different deposition methods and having different composition and local structure. The use of a model of density of states in which the π bands…
We report resonant x-ray scattering studies of charge and orbital order in ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ with $x\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.4$ and 0.5. Below the ordering temperature, ${T}_{O}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}245\mathrm{…
The phase diagram and low temperature properties of the doped manganites A1-xBxMnO3 are discussed for the concentrations x < 0.4. The transition from insulating antiferromagnetic to metallic ferromagnetic state at x_cr = 0.16 is treated by means of percolation theory. The unifying description of insulating and metalli…
Because the ground state has cooperative Jahn-Teller order, electronic excitations in ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3}$ are predicted to self-trap by local rearrangement of the lattice. The optical spectrum should show a Franck-Condon series, that is, a Gaussian envelope of vibrational sidebands. Existing data are reinterpreted…
At any metal-carbon nanotube interface there is charge transfer and the induced interfacial field determines the position of the carbon nanotube band structure relative to the metal Fermi level. In the case of a single-wall carbon nanotube supported on a gold substrate, we show that the charge transfers induce a local…
We have implemented the so called GW approximation (GWA) based on an all-electron full-potential Projector Augmented Wave (PAW) method. For the screening of the Coulomb interaction W we tested three different plasmon-pole dielectric function models, and showed that the accuracy of the quasiparticle energies is not sen…
Tokunaga et al. [Phys. Rev. B Vol. 59, R7837 (1999)] claim the first successful observation of the inverse exciton M series in the emission spectrum of excitonic molecules. We assert that actually such a series was observed as early as 1989 in the beta-ZnP_2 crystal. We show that the objections of Tokunaga et al. agai…
The electrostatic properties of individual CdSe nanocrystals are directly measured using electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) in dry air at room temperature. We determine that the static dielectric constant of CdSe nanocrystals with diameters $\ensuremath{\sim}5\mathrm{nm}$ is uniform. However, the charge per nanocrys…
The electrochemical properties of MoO3 on glassy carbon surface were evaluated. MoO3 was highly dispersed on glassy carbon surface when the loaded amount of MoO3 was 0.5 nmol cm−2. This electrode exhibited extremely high pseudocapacitance (118 kC mol−1), which is comparable to that of RuO2.
As a practical guideline, it was indicated that aniline is electrooxidatively polymerized in an acidic electrolytic solution under irradiation of ultrasound with a power higher than the cavitation threshold to form a highly uniform and dense polyaniline film available for electronic devices such as an electrolytic cap…
A new interesting category of polyconjugated polymer, poly(3,5-benzylidene)isopropylpiperidone, was obtained by condensation of isopropylpiperidone with terephthalaldehyde. Copolymerization and terpolymerization with cyclopentanone and/or cyclohexanone were also carried out. The model compound was prepared by the cond…
The structure of bound rubber in the composites from fumed silica (A200, Nippon Aerosil Co., Japan) and polyethylacrylate rubber (PEA) was studied as a function of mixing temperature. The fraction of bound rubber in the composites increased gradually with increasing the mixing temperature from 80 to 120°C, followed by…
The objective of this study was to enhance the degradation of the homopolymer of epsilon-caprolactone (epsilon-CL) through its copolymerization with a second lactone monomer: delta-valerolactone (delta-VL), gamma-butyrolactone (gamma-BL), gamma-valerolactone (gamma-VL), and gamma-caprolactone (gamma-CL). The influence…
An elastomer/rigid particle filler with core–shell structure was prepared by twin-screw extruder according to an encapulation model. It was used to toughen and reinforce polypropylene (PP). An original idea of a one-step processing method was adopted in creating PP/polyoctene–ethylene/talc ternary composites. The rheo…
Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) was used as the chain extender for low molecular weight poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to produce high molecular weight biodegradable polymer material with a better heat resistance. PLA prepolymer with a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of 5800 and a weight-average molecular weight (M…
A series of polyurethanes with different siloxane contents were synthesized, which were based on 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO), aminoethylaminopropyl poly(dimethyl siloxane) (AEAPS), and butanediol (BD). The chemical compositions, structures, and bulk and surface propert…
The effects of zinc stearate (ZnSt2) and/or epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) on mechanical properties and on thermal stability of plastigels obtained from polyvinylchloride (PVC) and dioctylphthalate (DOP) plastisols were studied using calorimetric, spectroscopic, and tensile-testing techniques. Plastigels having 2.5 or 5…
Improving the design and performance of medical stents for implantation in the human body is of current interest. This paper describes a study of fatigue-crack propagation behavior in the superelastic alloy Nitinol. Specifically, the objective of this work was to study the effect of environment on cyclic crack-growth…
Calcium salts of suberic (Ca-Sub) and pimelic (Ca-Pim) acids were synthesized and implemented as in different grades of isotactic polypropylene (iPP). Propylene homopolymer, as well as random and block copolymers containing these additives, crystallized iPP into pure or nearly pure β modification in the isothermal and…