Materials Literature
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Manganese cobalt oxides are promising coating materials for reducing chromium volatilization, and thus the associated cathode poisoning, from interconnect alloys in solid oxide fuel cells ( SOFC s). Interaction between this coating and the oxide scale formed on the alloy during fuel cell operation can lead to changes…
The structure of nematic liquid crystals formed by bent-core mesogens (BCMs) is studied in the context of Monte Carlo simulations of a simple molecular model that captures the symmetry, shape, and flexibility of achiral BCMs. The results indicate the formation of (i) clusters exhibiting local smectic order, orthogonal…
The complex metal oxides Mn2ASbO6 (A=In, Sc) with a corundum-related structure A3BO6 have been prepared as polycrystalline powders by a solid state reaction route. The crystal structure and magnetic properties have been investigated using a combination of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction, electron microscopy, calo…
Monolayer graphene is one of the most interesting materials applicable to next-generation electronic devices due to its transport properties. However, realization of graphene devices requires suitable nanoscale lithography as well as a method to open a band gap in monolayer graphene. Nanoscale hydrogenation and oxidat…
We show that KMn[Ag(CN)(2)](3) exhibits the strongest negative linear compressibility (NLC) effect over the largest pressure range yet observed. Variable pressure neutron powder diffraction measurements reveal that its crystal lattice expands along the c axis of its trigonal cell under increasing hydrostatic pressure,…
Amongst the wide spectrum of potential applications of graphene, ranging from transistors and chemical-sensors to nanoelectromechanical devices and composites, the field of photonics and optoelectronics is believed to be one of the most promising. Indeed, graphene's suitability for high-speed photodetection was demons…
Electronic structure calculations are carried out to estimate the heats of formation of rare-earth orthophosphates from their oxides. The calculated heats of formation are systematically about 40 kJ/mol less exothermic than the measured values. Based on estimated corrections for zero-point energies and H(298.15)-H(0),…
In this work we study the Casimir effect with three-dimensional topological insulators including the effects of temperature and uniaxial anisotropy. Although precise experimental values for the optical properties of these materials are yet to be established, qualitative analysis is still possible. We find qualitativel…
We employ high-resolution total neutron scattering in conjunction with reverse Monte Carlo simulations to examine, in a detailed and unbiased manner, the crystal structure of the vacancy-ordered oxide pyrochlore Pb(2)Ru(2)O(6)O(0.5)(') in light of its structural analogy with proton ordering in the structures of ice. W…
Increased reliance on solar energy conversion technologies will necessarily constitute a major plank of any forward global energy supply strategy. It is possible that solar photovoltaic (PV) technology and concentrating solar thermal (CST) power technology will play roughly equal, but complementary roles by 2050. The…
The first high-performance ZnO hollow-sphere nanofilm-based photodetector is constructed by 'water-oil interfacial self-assembly' of polystyrene (PS)/ZnO core/shell nanospheres and subsequent thermal treatment. The versatile growth substrate, general fabrication strategy, and high performance including excellent sensi…
Modern agriculture largely relies on the extensive application of agrochemicals, including inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. Indiscriminate, long-term and over-application of pesticides have severe effects on soil ecology that may lead to alterations in or the erosion of beneficial or plant probiotic soil microflo…
We report on the first systematic study of spin transport in bilayer graphene (BLG) as a function of mobility, minimum conductivity, charge density, and temperature. The spin-relaxation time τ(s) scales inversely with the mobility μ of BLG samples both at room temperature (RT) and at low temperature (LT). This indicat…
The mechanisms involved in the storage of energy in carbon-based supercapacitors modified by the addition of an electrochemically active compound (quinone/hydroquinone, Q/HQ) into the electrolyte (H 2 SO 4 ) are investigated. Besides the charging of the double-layer characteristic of carbon materials, galvanostatic cy…
We investigate spin relaxation in graphene spin valves and observe strongly contrasting behavior for single-layer graphene (SLG) and bilayer graphene (BLG). In SLG, the spin lifetime (τ(s)) varies linearly with the momentum scattering time (τ(p)) as carrier concentration is varied, indicating the dominance of Elliot-Y…
A new noncentrosymmetric (NCS) and polar material containing two lone-pair cations, Bi(3+) and I(5+), and exhibiting an Aurivillius-type (Bi(2)O(2))(2+) layer has been synthesized and structurally characterized. The material, BiO(IO(3)), exhibits strong second-harmonic generation (SHG), ∼12.5 × KDP (or ∼500 × α-SiO(2)…
In modern power electronic systems, voltages across inductors or transformers generally show rectangular shapes, including periods of zero voltage. In the stage of zero applied voltage (constant flux), core losses are not necessarily zero. At the beginning of a period of constant flux, losses still occur in the materi…
In this critical review, metal oxides-based materials for electrochemical supercapacitor (ES) electrodes are reviewed in detail together with a brief review of carbon materials and conducting polymers. Their advantages, disadvantages, and performance in ES electrodes are discussed through extensive analysis of the lit…
Ultrasound (US) has been used since its discovery at the beginning of twentieth century for a variety of purposes in diverse areas such as chemical synthesis, medicine, and engineering processing. Besides considering its wide-ranging use and the recent developments, it is also necessary to consider US as a relatively…
In this research, structural modification of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) radiated by electron beam at room temperature in air has been studied. Degree of crystallinity was measured using density measurement, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties of radiated poly(tetrafluoroethyl…