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Cathodoluminescence of brown diamonds as observed by transmission electron microscopy
Cathodoluminescing features in brown diamonds correlate with the crystalline microstructure as observed by transmission electron microscopy. We identified distinctive emissions at 415.3, 425, 491.3 and 525 nm. The first two correlate with the so-called N3 and band-A emissions, while the last correlates with what is ca…
Scattering and absorption cross sections of compounded spheres I Theory for external aggregation
The cross section for total scattering by clusters of spheres is derived from an integration, over a closed spherical surface, of the scattered Poynting flux associated with the different pairs of spheres in the ensemble. With the use of the addition theorem for vector spherical harmonics the integral can be evaluated…
Stuccos and roman concretes of the Baelo Claudia city (Cádiz): Characterization and causes of decay
This paper presents the study of the nature and conservation state of different stuccos and Roman concretes from the Roman city of Baelo Claudia (Cádiz). The chemical, mineralogical and microstructural compositions of the said materials have been established. Different causes of their decay have been found, among whic…
Clay dispersion as influenced by pH and net particle charge of sodic soils
The effect of changing pH on the dispersion of clay from sodic soils was investigated in relation to changes in net charge on clay particles. A positive relationship was obtained between pH and the percentage of dispersible clay for each soil clay. The percentage increase in net negative charge was also positively cor…
Synthesis and Characterization of a Molybdenum Disulfide Nanocluster
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of a Molybdenum Disulfide NanoclusterZhi Jun Zhang, Jun Zhang, and Qun Ji XueCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 49, 12973–12977Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December…
Amide-Water and Amide-Amide Hydrogen Bond Strengths
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTAmide-Water and Amide-Amide Hydrogen Bond StrengthsDavid A. Dixon, Kerwin D. Dobbs, and James J. ValentiniCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 51, 13435–13439Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994ht…
Characterizing Materials with Cyclic Voltammetry
Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is a dynamic electrochemical method for measuring redox events. This summary of recent developments in the use of CV in materials science will be particularly useful for newcomers to the field. Following an introduction to the principles of CV, the current status of investigations of various ty…
Long‐term properties of hot‐water polyolefin pipes—a review
Abstract This is a review on the long‐term behavior of polyolefin pipes used in hot‐water environments. Included in the review is work done on pipes of crosslinked polyethylene, isotactic poly(butene‐1), isotactic polypropylene and medium‐density polyethylene, and in particular the extensive work performed at Studsvik…
Oxygen-induced structural change of the tetragonal phase around the tetragonal–cubic phase boundary in ZrO2–YO1.5 solid solutions
In the ZrO 2 -YO 1.5 solid solutions, the phase changes among the cubic phase (Fm3m, Z=4), the t″ form and the t' form were investigated by neutron and X-ray powder diffraction, where the t″ and t' forms are defined as tetragonal phases (P4 2 /nmc, Z=2) with axial ratios of c/a f =1 and c/a f >1, respectively, which w…
Effect of Particle Size on the Room‐Temperature Crystal Structure of Barium Titanate
The room‐temperature tetragonal‐to‐cubic transformation in BaTiO 3 powders with decreasing particle size has been carefully studied, using materials prepared mainly by hydrothermal methods. Hydrothermal BaTiO 3 powders exhibited a more uniform particle size distribution than oxalate‐route powders, with X‐ray diffracti…
Early finding of preferred orientation: a new method
Pattern decomposition programs are able to derive, from the measured powder diffraction patterns, estimates of the square moduli of the structure factors. A method is described that, by statistical analysis of the normalized structure-factor moduli, is able to obtain information about the possible presence of preferre…
Preparation and Catalysis of Novel Colloidal Dispersions of Copper/Noble Metal Bimetallic Clusters
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Catalysis of Novel Colloidal Dispersions of Copper/Noble Metal Bimetallic ClustersNaoki Toshima and Yuan WangCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 12, 4574–4580Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1…
Carbon Nanofibers: A Unique Catalyst Support Medium
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon Nanofibers: A Unique Catalyst Support MediumNelly M. Rodriguez, Myung-Soo Kim, and R. Terry K. BakerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 50, 13108–13111Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1…
Photoconductivity of Ultrathin Zinc Oxide Films
Electrical and photoelectrical properties of nondoped and doped zinc oxide films coated on glass plates by the dip-coating method are investigated at room temperature in various ambient atmospheres. The dark conductivity of the nondoped films exponentially decreased with decreasing film thickness while the conductivit…
Glass Transition Temperatures of Polymers from Molecular Dynamics Simulations
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGlass Transition Temperatures of Polymers from Molecular Dynamics SimulationsJie Han, Richard H. Gee, and Richard H. BoydCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 26, 7781–7784Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…
Photochemical Mechanism of Size-Quantized Vanadium-Doped TiO2 Particles
Transition metal ions doped into TiO_2 can increase the quantum efficiency of the heterogeneous photooxidation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. In this regard, a single dopant (vanadium) has been selected for a detailed investigation to elucidate the mechanism of the dopant action on the photoreactivity of TiO_2. Large po…
Method for the simultaneous determination of anisotropic residual stresses and texture by x-ray diffraction
A method is developed that yields the residual stress, the orientation distribution coefficients, the average crystallite dimension, the microstrain, and the crystal structure parameters from x-ray diffraction data in a single-step procedure. To this end, a general approach is introduced that combines the equations of…
Enhanced Spectral Sensitivity from Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Based Photovoltaic Devices
Ruthenium polypyridyl compounds, cis-[4,4'-(CO2H)(2)-2,2'-bipyridine]Ru-2(X)(2) and cis-[5,5'-(CO2H)(2)-2,2'-\nbipyridine]Ru-2(X)(2) where X = Cl-, CN-, and SCN-, have been prepared, spectroscopically characterized, and anchored to high\nsurface area TiO2 electrodes for the conversion of visible light into electricity…
Biomimetic Chemistry of Nickel
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiomimetic Chemistry of NickelMalcolm A. Halcrow and George ChristouCite this: Chem. Rev. 1994, 94, 8, 2421–2481Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr00032a00…