Materials Literature
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The idea of a structured catalytic converter placed immediately after engine exhaust valves, thus operating on high gas temperature and velocity, is explored. The assumption is that major part of the reactor operates in the entry region where Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are highly enhanced. In this work, flow resista…
One of the most established areas in the field of healable polymeric materials is encapsulation-based healing agents. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the range of chemical approaches to generating encapsulated healing agents; these systems are embedded into a host matrix, often in combination with cata…
One of the greatest challenges of nanoparticle cancer therapy is the delivery of adequate numbers of nanoparticles to the tumor site. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have many favorable qualities, including their nontoxic composition, the wide range of diameters in which they can be produced, the cell-specific cytoto…
Natural rubber and styrene butadiene rubber (NR / SBR) reinforced with both short nylon fibers and nanoclay (Cloisite 15A) nanocomposites were prepared in an internal and a two roll-mill mixer by a three-step mixing process. The effects of fiber loading and different loading of nanoclay (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt%) were stud…
Abstract The effects of incorporated nano/micro‐diamond (NMD) on the physical properties, crystallization, thermal/hydrolytic degradation of poly( L ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) were investigated for a wide NMD concentration range of 0–10 wt.‐%. Incorporated NMD increased the tensile modulus and strength of PLLA films but dec…
We present a local Gaussian beam decomposition method for calculating the scalar diffraction field due to a two-dimensional field specified on a curved surface. We write the three-dimensional field as a sum of Gaussian beams that propagate toward different directions and whose waist positions are taken at discrete poi…
Abstract The hydration reaction of α-pinene in the presence of natural clays treated with monochloroacetic acid as catalyst to obtain oxygenated compounds was studied. Catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, programmed thermal desorption of adsorbed pyridine, and infrared s…
This paper describes a series of experiments performed on BM05 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), dedicated to the analysis of a mushy zone evolution in a fixed temperature gradient. A mushy zone is the partially solid/partially liquid zone that is formed when solidification proceeds with the devel…
With the use of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy methods of analysis we show that the laser ablation of a Si target in chloroform (CHCl 3 ) by nanosecond UV pulses (40 ns, 355 nm) results in the formation of about 50–80 nm core–sh…
International martime organization (IMO) has approved< Performance standard for corrosion resistant steel for cargo oil tanks of oil tankers> and considered corrosion resistant steel as the only alternative for anti-corrosion coating since May 2010.The implementation of the standard will have a profound impact on ship…
High-density polyethylene–low-density polyethylene (HDPE-LDPE) blends involving HDPE-LDPE (50/50 wt%) with dialkyl peroxide (DAP; 0.05 wt%) containing different amounts (5, 10 and 15 wt%) of nanocalcium carbonate (nCC) were prepared by melt blending followed by compression molding. The effect of addition of nCC on the…
This paper will introduce the reader to some of the “classical” and “new” families of ordered porous materials which have arisen throughout the past decades and/or years. From what is perhaps the best-known family of zeolites, which even now to this day is under constant research, to the exciting new family of hierarc…
We study the uniaxial optical anisotropy of tetragonal BiFeO 3 using first-principles density-functional theory and the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof hybrid functional in the near infrared to near ultraviolet range, and compare the results with related experiment and theory. It is found that the dielectric function is overa…
Abstract This article describes results of a recent study of SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) material properties using a numerical tool. The created model was validated against experimental data collected for two different solid oxide fuel cells. With focus on ionic and electronic conductivities, temperature influence wa…
Four primary factors in controlling effectiveness of organosolvent pretreatment in lignin removal (%), cellulose retained (%), as well as hydrolysis (%) was done through a central composite design (CCD) coupled with response surface methodology (RSM). Statistically analysis predicted 54.49% of lignin removal, 86.40% o…
Abstract To characterize microstructural and properties changes of the air-hardening steel LH800® due to heat treatment various experimental investigations were carried out. Amongst others, the TTA-austenite grain size diagram, the martensite transformation curve and the tempering diagram were determined. Based on the…
Negative refraction (NR) is a promising technique that provides an opportunity to manipulate beam behaviour. We have demonstrated experimentally the controllable NR with large refraction angle at visible wavelength in the novel high birefringence (Δn) liquid crystals. When the Δn of liquid crystal reaches 0.42, the NR…
The predicted success of nanoparticle based cancer therapy is due in part to the presence of the inherent leakiness of the tumor vascular barrier, the so called enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Although the EPR effect is present in varying degrees in many tumors, it has not resulted in the consistent…
In this work, we calculate the radiative and radiationless transition probabilities of M-shell vacancies in Zn, Cd and Hg atoms using the Dirac–Fock method. The obtained transition probability values are then used to calculate the corresponding fluorescence, Auger and Coster–Kronig yields for each subshell that are co…
Inspired by biological systems, the self-healing of polymers represents an array of events involving conformational and configurational changes of macromolecular segments, associated with covalent, supramolecular or coordination bond reformations and usually induced by external stimuli. This chapter discusses recent a…