Materials Literature
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Dendrimers have generated tremendous interest in the field of drug delivery. Despite indications of their utility as drug carriers, the inherent cytotoxicity associated with polycationic dendrimers acts as a limiting factor to their clinical applications. Many functionalization strategies have been adopted to mask per…
The conformation of cylindrical brush polymers with a polymethacrylate main and polystyrene side chains (6 ≤ ≤ 33, with the number-average degree of polymerization of the side chains) were studied by combined light and small-angle neutron scattering experiments. The results reveal that the main chain stiffness express…
Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and copper-doped cobalt oxide (CuxCo(3-x)O4) films have been prepared onto titanium support by the thermal decomposition method. The electrodes have been characterized by different techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spect…
Ferroelectric soft mode properties in ceramics and thin films are reviewed and compared with single crystals. In general, the permittivity in ceramics and thin films is markedly reduced compared to the single crystals mainly because of low-permittivity grain boundaries - dead layers - (sometimes also nano-cracks) pres…
Photonic metamaterials are man-made materials with "lattice constants" smaller than the wavelength of light. Tailoring the properties of their functional building blocks (atoms) allows one to go beyond the possibilities of usual materials. For example, magnetic dipole moments at optical frequencies (mune1) become poss…
Using a focused ion beam workstation, micron‐sized bending and compression samples were fabricated from a pure copper single crystal. The bending and compression experiments exhibited a strong size effect on the flow stress of copper, reaching values in the order of 1 GPa for the smallest test structures. Conventional…
The kinetics of the isothermal transformation of sols, comprised of a low molecular-mass organogelator (LMOG) and an organic liquid, to their organogel phases have been followed by circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and rheological methods. The thixotropic properties (in the…
Adult stem cells have the potential to revolutionize regenerative medicine with their unique abilities to self-renew and differentiate into various phenotypes. This review examines progress and challenges in ex vivo tissue engineering with adult stem cells. These rare cells are harvested from a variety of tissues, inc…
Polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering can be prepared with a multitude of different techniques. Many diverse approaches have recently been under development. The adaptation of conventional preparation methods, such as electrospinning, induced phase separation of polymer solutions or porogen leaching, which were d…
Various hydrophilic polyelectrolytes, including cationic starch products, are used by papermakers to promote inter-fiber bonding and increase paper’s dry-strength. Thus, papermakers can meet customer requirements with a lower net cost of materials, more recycled fibers, or higher mineral content. In the absence of pol…
A new nanoparticulate inorganic-organic hybrid-type positive contrast agent (CA), PGP/dextran-K01, was synthesized based on a GdPO4 inorganic core as a relaxation-time-shortening moiety and a dextran-coating, which generates monodispersibility in water, a high relaxation-time-shortening effect by retaining a large num…
Abstract The effect of the different processing parameters on the refinement during severe plastic deformation is evaluated. The attention is focused to very high strains, where saturation in the structural refinement is observed. The single phase metals and alloys show a relatively uniform behaviour, with increasing…
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have been established as biodegradable polymers since the second half of the twentieth century. Altering monomer composition of PHAs allows the development of polymers with favorable mechanical properties, biocompatibility and desirable degradation rates, under specific physiological condi…
In a time when cutting-edge scientific research is expensive and complex, it seems absurd that a breakthrough in physics could be achieved with simple adhesive tape. But in 2004, Andre Geim, Kostya Novoselov and co-workers at the University of Manchester in the UK did just that. By delicately cleaving a sample of grap…
Dew is the condensation of water vapor into liquid droplets on a substrate. It is characterized by an initial heterogeneous nucleation on a substrate and a further growth of droplets. The presence of a substrate that geometrically constrains the growth is the origin of the peculiarities and richness of the phenomenon.…
We present a single particle fluorescence resonance energy transfer (spFRET) study of freely diffusing self-assembled quantum dot (QD) bioconjugate sensors, composed of CdSe-ZnS core-shell QD donors surrounded by dye-labeled protein acceptors. We first show that there is direct correlation between single particle and…
We have theoretically shown that efficient generation of multi-electron-hole pairs by a single photon observed recently in semiconductor nanocrystals1-4 is caused by breaking the single electron approximation for carriers with kinetic energy above the effective energy gap. Due to strong Coulomb interaction, these stat…
The angular resolution of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements can be significantly improved using an analysis based on determination of small shifts in features from one pattern to the next using cross-correlation functions. Using pattern shift measurements at many regions of the pattern, errors in th…
With the fast development of nanotechnology, the nanomaterials start to cause people's attention for potential toxic effect. In this paper, the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by 20-nm cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles in cultured human lung cancer cells was investigated. The sulforhodamine B method was emplo…
We have synthesized a series of MCM-41-type mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). The surface of the MSNs are functionalized with 3-aminopropyl (AP), 3-guanidinopropyl (GP), 3-[N-(2-guanidinoethyl)guanidino]propyl (GEGP), and N-folate-3-aminopropyl (FAP). In contrast to the zeta-potential of -18.4 mV for FITC-MSN, th…