Materials Literature
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The macroscopic third-order nonlinearity Γ of a nematic liquid crystal has been measured for the first time with the technique of dc electric-field-induced optical second-harmonic generation. The effect of nematic ordering on Γ is observed. Results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations.
The dynamical properties of a model describing the structural phase transitions in (C${\mathrm{H}}_{3}$N${\mathrm{H}}_{3}$)$_{2}\mathrm{CdCl}_{4}$ perovskite-type layer compounds as orientional order-disorder transitions of the C${\mathrm{H}}_{3}$N${\mathrm{H}}_{3}$ groups, are investigated. It is shown that the soft…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsorption of Lean NOx in Aqueous Solutions of NaClO2 and NaOHElzo Sada, Hidehiro Kumazawa, Ichibei Kudo, and Takashi KondoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1979, 18, 2, 275–278Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Pub…
Dislocations in LED's were studied and found to have a pronounced effect upon the external quantum efficiency of the diodes. A simple theoretical model, based on the postulation that the dislocations act as effective nonradiative recombination centers, is proposed to explain the experimental results. It is observed th…
Abstract Comparisons were made of differential scanning‐calorimetric (DSC) thermograms of both liquid and powdered commercial phenol–formaldehyde resins. By a combination of the results from analyses under a variety of conditions, such as ambient pressure, high pressure, using freeze‐dried samples, and also by direct…
Conditions are discussed under which an interface, possibly containing an adsorbed species, is capable of sustaining an atomistically sharp cleavage crack, rather than having any such crack blunt out via dislocation nucleation. Two models for ductile versus brittle interface response are discussed. One of these is app…
There are close similarities between conodont elements and teeth both in general shape and in that they possess pointed tips and have expanded bases with more porous tissue. A number of examples of conodont elements which parallel specific kinds of tooth shapes and organizations are added to earlier known similarities…
Abstract. — Measurements are reported of densities as a function of temperature for the homo-logous series of alkyl-cyano-biphenyl liquid crystals C„H2 „ + 1. 0. 0. C N for n = 5 to 9. Cubic B-splines have been fitted to the experimental results and their derivatives have given the coefficients of thermal expansivity.…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilyl ketone chemistry. A new regiospecific route to silyl enol ethersHans J. Reich, Jay J. Rusek, and Richard E. OlsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 8, 2225–2227Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1…
Abstract The transformation of a spun isotactic polypropylene fiber into a high strength elastic fiber has been followed structurally. By examining each stage of the transformation separately, it has been possible to identify the different structural mechanisms that occur as the process proceeds. The recognition of th…
Introduced in a one-electron self-consistent model (D–C field perturbated INDO Hamiltonian), symmetry considerations exhibit σ and π electron contributions to second order polarizabilities of planar molecules. A family of benzene monosubstitutes is explored, their mesomeric moments and π second order hyperpolarizabili…
Pitting potential measurements have been made by potentiostatic, potentiokinetic, and scratch test methods. Several surface conditions were tested to determine the relationship between test methods, surface condition, and experimental procedure on both base and weld metal. The results indicate the complex interrelatio…
Abstract The relaxation following a change in temperature of amorphous polymers near the glass transition has been calculated. The calculation uses a chain model consisting of cis and trans backbone rotational states. The relaxation is assumed to proceed by localized conformational changes whose rates are controlled b…
Local atomic arrangements were investigated as a model of amorphous iron in terms of Voronoi polyhedra for a dense random packing of hard spheres with and without relaxation. The structure of liquid iron was also simulated in a computer. The amorphous structure was microscopically described as a mosaic of crystalline…
We summarize the results of high resolution X-ray and light scattering studies of the smectic A-nematic transition in cyanobenzylidene-octyloxyaniline, octyloxy-cyanobiphenyl, and octyl-cyanobiphenyl. Pretransitional behavior in the nematic phase is essentially consistent with the He4 analogue proposed by de Gennes wi…
Within the context of gas chromatography, pyrolytic methylation can be defined as the process whereby a volatile methyl derivative of an acidic compound is formed within the injector block of a gas chromatograph by the thermal decomposition of a quaternary N-methylammonium salt of the acid. The methyl derivative and t…
Following experimental studies on benzene substitutes, we have attempted to derive some results on their molecular hyperpolarizabilities from a semiempirical treatment of the Hartree–Fock equations extended to all valence electrons (INDO procedure). The INDO equations are modified so as to introduce a dipolar perturba…
The fracture strength of two kinds of UO2 specimens possessing pores of different maximum sizes (60 and 140 μm) was measured in the range of room temperature − 1,300°C by means of diametral compression testing. The fracture strength thus obtained proved to be smaller than any of the values reported by previous authors…
Recent measurements of nematic-smectic A pressure-temperature phase boundaries obtained in bilayer forming smectic A liquid crystals are analyzed. A thermodynamic model which accounts for the elliptical shape of the phase boundaries and which facilitates determination of the various parameters determining the phase bo…
Liquid metal in a closed container made of dissimilar metal under a magnetic field is, in general, set into motion by thermoelectric effects if the interfacial temperature is nonuniform, a situation likely to occur in fusion reactor blankets owing to the high thermoelectric power of lithium. The paper sets out the gen…