Materials Literature
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The increasing usage of distributed power generation, leads to an increased short-circuit power in medium voltage grids. As a consequence, new concepts for limiting short-circuit currents are required. One possible solution is based on resonant circuits. These circuits are able to limit short-circuit currents fast, at…
Sb(III)-doped lead tungstate single crystals with controlled shapes and enhanced green emission have been synthesized via a facile, Pluronic P123 (EO(20)PO(70)EO(20))-assisted, sonochemical method. The surfactant Pluronic P123 was found to play a crucial role in the morphology control of the final products. The growth…
Abstract Sarcosine N ‐carboxyanhydride, D,L ‐alanine N ‐carboxyanhydride, D,L ‐phenylalanine N ‐carboxyanhydride, and D,L ‐leucine N ‐carboxyanhydride were polymerized with pyridine or N ‐ethyldiisopropylamine as the catalyst. With pyridine, cyclic oligo‐ and polypeptides were obtained in addition to water‐initiated o…
Abstract Summary: Variations of the effective activation energy E of glass transitions have been determined by applying an isoconversional method to DSC data on the glass transition in PVC, PBMA, PVP, and PEN. A variability parameter Δ E has been introduced to characterize the rate of decrease in E with increasing tem…
In this paper, we develop a macroscopic framework quantifying the hysteresis and constitutive nonlinearities inherent to ferromagnetic materials. In the first step of the development, we construct Helmholtz and Gibbs energy relations at the mesoscopic or lattice level based on the assumption that magnetic moments or s…
Partial discharge (PD) is one of the factors that could lead to failure of power transformers, leading to power outage and expensive repairs. The acoustic wave induced by PD can be measured and used for monitoring, diagnosing, and locating potential failures in the transformers. Fiber optic sensors have been shown to…
A stable cross-linked hydrogel was formed under mild aqueous conditions using pseudoproline peptide ligation chemistry. A cysteine-terminated lysine dendron containing four cysteines and a PEG macromolecule modified with terminal ester aldehydes were prepared. Upon mixing, the two macromers gave a stable hydrogel. Thi…
Abstract The nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization of styrene was carried out on the surfaces of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) initiated by an MWNT‐supported initiator multiwalled carbon nanotube–2″,2″,6″,6″‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (MWNT–Tempo). The content of polystyrene grafted from the surface was cont…
We report on the characterization of nanometer-scale torsional devices based on individual single-walled carbon nanotubes as the spring elements. The axial shear moduli of the nanotubes are obtained through modeling of device reaction to various amounts of applied electrostatic force and are compared to theoretical va…
The release of alpha-tocopherol from two formulations (with and without complexation with beta-cyclodextrin) of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film was examined. Specific migration studies were performed at 7.0 +/- 0.5 degrees C using plastic bags filled with 95% ethanol as a fatty food simulant. The amount of comple…
Caged up: A family of isopolyoxotungstate clusters of the form [H4W19O62]6− with a cluster cage (blue) identical to that of the Dawson-type heteropolyacids (red) has been discovered. These comprise a single trigonal-prismatic or octahedral {WO6}6− moiety in place of the two heteroanions found in the Dawson structure.
We report a study on charged, filamentous virus called M13, whose suspensions in water exhibit a chiral nematic (cholesteric) phase. In spite of the right-handed helicity of the virus, a left-handed phase helicity is found, with a cholesteric pitch which increases with temperature and ionic strength. Several sources o…
Abstract This study investigated the process feasibility and stability of core/shell structured bicomponent ultrafine fibers of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly( D , L ‐lactide) (PLA) by coaxial electrospinning. The morphological structure of the core/shell ultrafine fibers was studied by means of scanning elect…
In‐situ polymerization was employed to achieve well‐dispersed carbon nanotube‐reinforced polyurethane composites. In‐situ polymerization showed predominant as primarily dispersal of carbon nanotubes in the matrix polymer according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) imag…
Lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerizations of lactones with various ring sizes (6- to 13- and the 16-membered ring) employing Novozym 435 demonstrate fascinating differences in their polymerization rates. These differences cannot be related to variations in physical properties such as the dipole moment of the lacto…
Optical absorption and photoluminescence emission properties of dehydroxylated MgO and CaO nanocrystals are discussed with respect to particle morphology and size. On MgO nanocubes with pronounced corner and edge features two emission bands at 3.4 and 3.3 eV result from the excitation of 4-coordinated surface O(4C)(2-…
Nanostructured polyurethane block copolymers with shape memory were synthesized by using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) molecules and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), which acted as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups, respectively. The hard segment domains appeared to be dominantly governed by POSS molecu…
Stamp collection: Laser interference lithography can be used for the fabrication of master patterns with precise periodic nanostructures. Multiple copies of Ni imprint stamps can be replicated from a single master by an electrodeposition technique. The replicated stamps have been used for the fabrication of long-range…
Using a first-principles computational tensile test, we show that the ideal tensile strength of an Al grain boundary (GB) is reduced with both Na and Ca GB segregation. We demonstrate that the fracture occurs in the GB interface, dominated by the break of the interfacial bonds. Experimentally, we further show that the…
We present results of anisotropic thermal expansion and low temperature magnetostriction measurements on YNi$_2$B$_2$C single crystals grown by high temperature flux and floating zone techniques. Quantum oscillations of magnetostriction were observed at low temperatures for $H \| c$ starting at fields significantly be…