Materials Literature
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Solid-state crystal−crystal transformations in polymers are limited by conformational and steric constraints when helical hands are involved in the initial, final, or both stages of the transformation. The constraints are illustrated by (a) the phase II to phase I transformation in isotactic poly(1-butene), which pres…
A strain of Pseudomonas stutzeri coded 1317 isolated from oil-contaminated soil was found to grow well in glucose and soybean oil as a sole carbon source, respectively. Polyhydroxyalkanoates containing medium chain length monomers of hydroxyalkanoates ranging from C6 to C14 were synthesized up to 52% of cell dry weigh…
Fluoro substitution in thermotropic liquid crystals provides a general way of modifying the properties of a parent system. Melting point, transition temperatures, mesophase types and other physical properties are affected by fluoro substitution so that frequently the behaviour of the parent compound can be manipulated…
Abstract Microcellular polystyrene foams have been prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide as the foaming agent. The cellular structures resulting from this process have been shown to have a significant effect on the corresponding mechanical properties of the foams. Compression tests were performed on highly expan…
Simple methods are presented for handling, mounting, storage and transportation of crystals at cryogenic temperatures. They are easy to learn and have a number of technical and operational advantages over currently popular methods. In particular, the temperature of the crystal throughout all manipulations is known; it…
Oxidation experiments using a particular grade of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite have allowed observation of large numbers of both monolayer and multilayer etch pits on the same samples, formed under identical conditions. Scanning tunneling microscopy was used to measure pits produced after various etch times, tem…
The effects of a sorption-controlled, monolayer-forming surfactant on a drop deforming in an extensional flow are studied numerically. Scaling arguments are presented for drops of 1 cm and 1 µm, indicating the applicability of these results. For all simulations, when mass transfer is slow compared to surface convectio…
The order-disorder transitions in Cu-Al-Mn shape-memory alloys have been studied experimentally by means of calorimetric techniques. Results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations of a simplified Blume-Emery-Griffiths model. A first order ${\mathrm{DO}}_{3}\ensuremath{\rightleftharpoons}A2$ transition is obtained f…
Quantum size effects can be used to modify material properties on the nanometer scale. This has yet to be extensively studied in organic materials. Here a simple generic preparation of stable organic nanocrystals embedded in sol-gel glasses is reported. The Figure shows a transmission electron bright field image of 4,…
The linear viscoelasticity of miscible blends of a random copolymer of 80% styrene and 20% acrylonitrile and poly(methyl methacrylate) has been investigated using oscillatory shear. The Flory−Huggins interaction parameter of this blend is weakly negative. The glass transitions of the pure components are very close (Δ…
Other| December 01, 1998 Semiquantitative determination of trans-vacant and cis-vacant 2:1 layers in illites and illite-smectites by thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction Victor A. Drits; Victor A. Drits Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geology, Moscow, Russian Federation Search for other works by this autho…
A new experimental technique has been developed for the performance of high temperature, high-strain-rate experiments in the compression Kolsky bar (split-Hopkinson pressure bar or SHPB). The new technique (referred to as the High-Temperature Compression Kolsky Bar or HTCKB) uses an infra-red spot-heater to rapidly he…
Other| December 01, 1998 Primary structure of a soluble matrix protein of scallop shell; implications for calcium carbonate biomineralization I. Sarashina; I. Sarashina University of Tokyo, Geological Institute, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar K. Endo K. Endo Search for other…
Diamond is a unique material with several outstanding physical and chemical properties. It has the highest thermal conductivity at room temperature and it is transparent from the UV to the far IR. Furthermore it has the highest hardness, the highest Young's modulus and it is chemically inert and radiation hard. These…
The addition of zero-valent copper to the self-condensing vinyl polymerization (SCVP) of novel AB* (meth)acrylic monomers using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) catalyst systems has allowed for their successful polymerization. Polymerization under homogeneous and heterogeneous catalyst conditions without ad…
The fundamental physical phenomena on which LEEM is based are discussed, with the goal of showing why LEEM works, not how it works. The subjects covered include intensity, resolution, contrast, sampling depth and combination possibilities with other techniques (particularly LEED) which make LEEM a unique surface imagi…
The phase behavior of a styrene–isoprene (SI) diblock copolymer, with block molecular weights of 1.1 × 104 and 2.1 × 104 g/mol, respectively, is examined in the neutral solvent bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP) and the styrene-selective solvent di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP). DBP is a good solvent for PS, but is near a th…
All-plastic and flexible electrochromic devices will facilitate new technological applications, such as information display and storage, in the automotive industry (rear-view mirrors) and in architecture (smart windows). Here the authors describe an all-plastic and flexible solid-state electrochromic device using two…
In this work a method is developed that allows the computation of the single-crystal elastic constants for crystals of cubic symmetry from the diffraction elastic constants. The diffraction elastic constants can be obtained by measuring the hkl -dependent lattice strain response to an applied stress. Because of their…
The photochromic behavior of several spirooxazines (SO) containing phenanthrene or phenanthroline moieties in the oxazine part of molecules has been investigated in several solvents and phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposomes. The solvatochromic properties of the merocyanine (MC) forms of these dyes were used to probe thei…